论文标题
Gradtac:基于时空梯度的触觉感应
GradTac: Spatio-Temporal Gradient Based Tactile Sensing
论文作者
论文摘要
机器人的触觉传感是通过多种机制(包括磁性,光盘和导电流体)实现的。当前,基于流体的传感器已经达到了拟人化大小和形状以及触觉响应测量的准确性的正确平衡。但是,由于基于流体的感应机制“阻尼”难以建模的测量值,因此该设计受到低信号与噪声比(SNR)的困扰。为此,我们在基于流体的触觉传感器获得的数据上介绍了时空梯度表示,该数据灵感来自基于事件的传感的神经形态原理。我们提出了一种新颖的算法(GRAGTAC),该算法将离散数据点从空间触觉传感器转换为时空表面,并跟踪这些表面上的触觉轮廓。使用所提出的时空结构域处理触觉数据是可靠的,它使其不易受到基于流体的传感器固有的噪声的影响,并且与使用原始数据相比,可以准确地跟踪触摸区域。我们成功地评估并证明了GradTac对使用Shadow Dexterous Hand进行的许多现实世界实验的功效,该实验配备了Biotac SP传感器。具体而言,我们将其用于跟踪传感器表面上的触觉输入,测量相对力,检测线性和旋转滑动以及边缘跟踪。我们还为Biotac SP发布了一个随附的任务无关数据集,我们希望它将提供一种资源来比较和量化各种新颖的方法,并激发进一步的研究。
Tactile sensing for robotics is achieved through a variety of mechanisms, including magnetic, optical-tactile, and conductive fluid. Currently, the fluid-based sensors have struck the right balance of anthropomorphic sizes and shapes and accuracy of tactile response measurement. However, this design is plagued by a low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) due to the fluid based sensing mechanism "damping" the measurement values that are hard to model. To this end, we present a spatio-temporal gradient representation on the data obtained from fluid-based tactile sensors, which is inspired from neuromorphic principles of event based sensing. We present a novel algorithm (GradTac) that converts discrete data points from spatial tactile sensors into spatio-temporal surfaces and tracks tactile contours across these surfaces. Processing the tactile data using the proposed spatio-temporal domain is robust, makes it less susceptible to the inherent noise from the fluid based sensors, and allows accurate tracking of regions of touch as compared to using the raw data. We successfully evaluate and demonstrate the efficacy of GradTac on many real-world experiments performed using the Shadow Dexterous Hand, equipped with the BioTac SP sensors. Specifically, we use it for tracking tactile input across the sensor's surface, measuring relative forces, detecting linear and rotational slip, and for edge tracking. We also release an accompanying task-agnostic dataset for the BioTac SP, which we hope will provide a resource to compare and quantify various novel approaches, and motivate further research.