论文标题
可调光子诱导的游离电子空间调制
Tunable photon-induced spatial modulation of free electrons
论文作者
论文摘要
电子束的空间调制是纳米光刻和成像等各种应用的必不可少的工具，但其实现受到严格限制，固有的不可触发。相反，光驱动的电子空间调制可能有可能通过光子诱导的近场电子显微镜（Pinem）的基本机制来允许任意电子波沿形状。在这里，我们通过与表面等离子体极化子（SPP）的外部控制相互作用来提出可调光子诱导的电子的空间调制。使用最近开发的塑造SPP模式的方法，我们展示了具有各种高质量电子分布的电子束的动态控制。有趣的是，通过利用固有的相互作用非线性，我们获得了对2D空间Rabi振荡的首次观察，并在SPP波长下方产生电子特征。我们的工作铺平了在超快时间尺度上按需的电子波前塑形的方式，并具有畸变校正，纳米模式和材料表征的前景。
Spatial modulation of electron beams is an essential tool for various applications such as nanolithography and imaging, yet its implementations are severely limited and inherently non-tunable. Conversely, light-driven electron spatial modulation could potentially allow arbitrary electron wavefront shaping via the underlying mechanism of photon-induced near-field electron microscopy (PINEM). Here, we present tunable photon-induced spatial modulation of electrons through their externally-controlled interaction with surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Using recently developed methods of shaping SPP patterns, we demonstrate a dynamic control of the electron beam with a variety of high-quality electron distributions. Intriguingly, by utilizing the intrinsic interaction nonlinearity, we attain the first observation of 2D spatial Rabi oscillations and generate electron features below the SPP wavelength. Our work paves the way to on-demand electron wavefront shaping at ultrafast timescales, with prospects for aberration correction, nano-fabrication and material characterization.
