论文标题
Kochen和Specker关于功能关系的观点与崩溃的假设发生冲突
Kochen and Specker's view on functional relations conflicts with the collapse postulate
论文作者
论文摘要
Kochen-Specker定理的关键要素是所谓的功能组成原理，该原理断言，隐藏状态必须以与它们之间所有功能关系一致的方式将值归功于可观察值。这一原则是由以下假设激发的，即像经典力学中可观察到的功能一样，量子理论中可观察到的a函数$ g（a）$只是一种逻辑上可能的可观察到的可观察到的可观察到的可观察到的可观察到的函数，而衡量$ g（a）$ cons cons cons cos coss coss $ a $ a $ a $ and $ a $ and $ a $ a $ and $ a $。在本文中，我们表明，在适当的条件下，这种合理的假设与崩溃的假设相抵触。然后，我们讨论了这场冲突的可能解决方案，并认为最合理，最激进的解决方案是通过考虑测量环境来适应崩溃的假设。出于依赖上下文的这种依赖是出于完全相同的原因，而Kochen-Specker定理排除了非秘密隐藏可变性模型，即，可观察到的A通常可以写成函数$ a = g（b）= g（b）= h（c）$ b，c $ b，c $。
A key ingredient of the Kochen-Specker theorem is the so-called functional composition principle, which asserts that hidden states must ascribe values to observables in a way that is consistent with all functional relations between them. This principle is motivated by the assumption that, like functions of observables in classical mechanics, a function $g(A)$ of an observable A in quantum theory is simply a logically possible observable derived from $A$, and that measuring $g(A)$ consists in measuring $A$ and post-processing the resulting value via $g$. In this paper we show that, under suitable conditions, this reasonable assumption is in conflict with the collapse postulate. We then discuss possible solutions to this conflict, and we argue that the most justifiable and less radical one consists in adapting the collapse postulate by taking measurement contexts into account. This dependence on contexts arises for precisely the same reason why noncontextual hidden-variable models are ruled out by the Kochen-Specker theorem, namely that an observable A can typically be written as a function $A=g(B)=h(C)$ of noncommuting observables $B,C$.
