论文标题
识别具有深度学习的Sentinel-1 SAR图像中极低的识别
Recognition of polar lows in Sentinel-1 SAR images with deep learning
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，我们探讨了通过深度学习在C波段SAR图像中检测极低的可能性。具体而言，我们介绍了一个新的数据集，该数据集由Sentinel-1图像组成，分为两个类别，分别代表海上中clo子的存在和不存在。该数据集是使用ERE5数据集作为基线构建的，它由2004年注释的图像组成。据我们所知，这是公开发布此类数据集的第一个数据集。该数据集用于训练深度学习模型以对标记的图像进行分类。该模型在独立的测试集上进行了评估，其F-1得分为0.95，表明可以从SAR图像中始终检测到极性低。应用于深度学习模型的可解释性技术表明，大气方面和旋风眼是分类的关键特征。此外，实验结果表明，即使：（i）由于SAR的宽度有限，（ii）特征部分被海冰覆盖，并且（iii）土地覆盖了图像的重要部分，因此该模型是准确的：通过评估多个输入图像分辨率上的模型性能（像素尺寸为500m，1km和2km），发现较高的分辨率会产生最佳性能。这强调了使用高分辨率传感器（例如SAR来检测极性低）的潜力，与常规使用的传感器（例如散射计）相比。
In this paper, we explore the possibility of detecting polar lows in C-band SAR images by means of deep learning. Specifically, we introduce a novel dataset consisting of Sentinel-1 images divided into two classes, representing the presence and absence of a maritime mesocyclone, respectively. The dataset is constructed using the ERA5 dataset as baseline and it consists of 2004 annotated images. To our knowledge, this is the first dataset of its kind to be publicly released. The dataset is used to train a deep learning model to classify the labeled images. Evaluated on an independent test set, the model yields an F-1 score of 0.95, indicating that polar lows can be consistently detected from SAR images. Interpretability techniques applied to the deep learning model reveal that atmospheric fronts and cyclonic eyes are key features in the classification. Moreover, experimental results show that the model is accurate even if: (i) such features are significantly cropped due to the limited swath width of the SAR, (ii) the features are partly covered by sea ice and (iii) land is covering significant parts of the images. By evaluating the model performance on multiple input image resolutions (pixel sizes of 500m, 1km and 2km), it is found that higher resolution yield the best performance. This emphasises the potential of using high resolution sensors like SAR for detecting polar lows, as compared to conventionally used sensors such as scatterometers.
