论文标题
通过量子无法区分访问无法接近的信息
Accessing inaccessible information via quantum indistinguishability
论文作者
论文摘要
在本文中，我们介绍并分析了一项信息理论任务，该任务包括通过在空间上移动编码它的“目标”粒子来学习一些信息。我们表明，只有在与目标粒子无法区分的情况下，只有使用其他独立制备的量子颗粒可以解决任务。另一方面，只有在使用可区分的量子粒子与目标粒子纠缠的情况下，可以通过使用可区分的量子粒子来解决该任务。因此，我们的任务提供了一个新的例子，其中将纠缠显然是独立准备的无法区分的量子粒子所固有的，用于信息处理。重要的是，我们的方案的新颖性在于它不需要涉及粒子之间任何空间重叠。除了分析解决我们任务的量子力学方案类别外，我们还朝着可能概括结果并将其应用于密码术的方法。
In this paper we present and analyze an information-theoretic task that consists in learning a bit of information by spatially moving the "target" particle that encodes it. We show that, on one hand, the task can be solved with the use of additional independently prepared quantum particles, only if these are indistinguishable from the target particle. On the other hand, the task can be solved with the use of distinguishable quantum particles, only if they are entangled with the target particle. Our task thus provides a new example in which the entanglement apparently inherent to independently prepared indistinguishable quantum particles is put into use for information processing. Importantly, a novelty of our protocol lies in that it does not require any spatial overlap between the involved particles. Besides analyzing the class of quantum-mechanical protocols that solve our task, we gesture towards possible ways of generalizing our results and of applying them in cryptography.
