论文标题
在中等碰撞能量中产生的富含巴能的重型离子物质中质子数量波动的热力学方法
Thermodynamic approach to proton number fluctuations in baryon-rich heavy-ion matter created at moderate collision energies
论文作者
论文摘要
我们开发了一个框架，以将重量碰撞中的质子数累积物在动量空间中测得的质子数量累积物在接收到巴里昂数量的敏感性的情况下，假设颗粒是从温度均匀分布的火球中散发出来的，并在流体动力学速度上叠加。由$ \ sqrt {s _ {s _ {\ rm nn}} = 2.4 $ GEV au-au在$ \ sqrt {s _ {s _ {s _ {s _ {s _ {s _ {s _ {s _ { \ggχ_2^b \ ggχ_1^b $。天真地，这可能表明大型非高斯波动可能指出，QCD临界点的存在与$ t \ sim 70 $ MEV和$μ_b\ sim 850-900 $ MEV相近。但是，一旦确切的重子数量保存的效果，对迅速接受的实验数据的描述变得具有挑战性，这表明需要更多的理论和实验研究来得出确定的结论。
We develop a framework to relate proton number cumulants measured in heavy-ion collisions within a momentum space acceptance to the susceptibilities of baryon number, assuming that particles are emitted from a fireball with uniform distribution of temperature and baryochemical potential, superimposed on a hydrodynamic flow velocity profile. The rapidity acceptance dependence of proton cumulants measured by the HADES Collaboration in $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.4$ GeV Au-Au appears to be consistent with thermal emission of nucleons from a grand-canonical heat bath, with the extracted baryon number susceptibilities exhibiting an hierarchy $χ_4^B \gg -χ_3^B \gg χ_2^B \gg χ_1^B$. Naively, this could indicate large non-Gaussian fluctuations that might point to the presence of the QCD critical point close to the chemical freeze-out at $T \sim 70$ MeV and $μ_B \sim 850-900$ MeV. However, the description of the experimental data at large rapidity acceptances becomes challenging once the effect of exact baryon number conservation is incorporated, suggesting that more theoretical and experimental studies are needed to reach a firm conclusion.
