论文标题

可视化多维线性编程问题

Visualizing Multidimensional Linear Programming Problems

论文作者

Olkhovsky, Nikolay A., Sokolinsky, Leonid B.

论文摘要

本文提出了线性编程问题的视觉表示形式的n维数学模型。该模型可以使用人工神经网络解决多维线性优化问题,其可行区域是一个有界的非空集。为了可视化线性编程问题,引入了客观的超平面,其方向由线性目标函数的梯度确定:梯度是客观超平面的正常。在搜索最大值的情况下,目标超平面的定位方式使目标函数的所有点的值超过了可行区域的所有点的目标函数的值,这是一个有界的凸侧polytope。对于目标超平面的任意点,确定对多层的客观投影:客观投影点越接近客观超平面,此时目标函数的值越大。基于客观的超平面,构建了有限的常规点集,称为接收场。使用客观投影,构建了多层图的图像。该图像包括从接收点到多层表面相应点的距离。基于提出的模型,构建了用于可视化线性编程问题的并行算法。对其可伸缩性进行了分析估计。有关软件实施的信息以及大规模计算实验的结果证实了所提出方法的效率。

The article proposes an n-dimensional mathematical model of the visual representation of a linear programming problem. This model makes it possible to use artificial neural networks to solve multidimensional linear optimization problems, the feasible region of which is a bounded non-empty set. To visualize the linear programming problem, an objective hyperplane is introduced, the orientation of which is determined by the gradient of the linear objective function: the gradient is the normal to the objective hyperplane. In the case of searching a maximum, the objective hyperplane is positioned in such a way that the value of the objective function at all its points exceeds the value of the objective function at all points of the feasible region, which is a bounded convex polytope. For an arbitrary point of the objective hyperplane, the objective projection onto the polytope is determined: the closer the objective projection point is to the objective hyperplane, the greater the value of the objective function at this point. Based on the objective hyperplane, a finite regular set of points is constructed, called the receptive field. Using objective projections, an image of a polytope is constructed. This image includes the distances from the receptive points to the corresponding points of the polytope surface. Based on the proposed model, parallel algorithms for visualizing a linear programming problem are constructed. An analytical estimation of its scalability is performed. Information about the software implementation and the results of large-scale computational experiments confirming the efficiency of the proposed approaches are presented.

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