论文标题
地球吃了剩菜吗?冲击喷射作为已故单板的组成部分
Did Earth eat its leftovers? Impact ejecta as a component of the late veneer
论文作者
论文摘要
地球地幔中高度铁质元素的存在表明,在“后期积聚”阶段,最后一次巨大的撞击后,地球质量的一小部分是在地球质量中的。关于晚期材料的性质和晚期尸体的大小,存在着持续的辩论。地球在同位素上似乎与enstatite软骨和金刚棒最相似。已经提出,后期积聚必须由起源于内盘而不是普通或碳质软管的Enstatite样物体主导。在这里,我们研究了积聚模拟的后期内部磁盘中存在的“剩余”行星的证明。动态激发的行星形成产生具有相似证明的行星和胚胎,这表明月球形成撞击器可能具有与原始地球非常相似的稳定同位素组成。通常,某些具有与地球状行星相似的行星大小的尸体留在生长的主要阶段结束时。最相似的行星通常是弹出数百万年前的原始行星的碎片。如果这些类似的物体后来被行星积聚,它们将代表自然与地球成分相匹配的晚期质量。在巨大冲击阶段存在的地球大小的物体可能具有较大的核心质量分数,其核心证明与原始地球相似。这些身体是高度铁质元素的重要潜在来源。剩余行星中核心分数的范围使基于地幔中高度铁质元素的后期积聚的质量和起源变得复杂。
The presence of highly siderophile elements in Earth's mantle indicates that a small percentage of Earth's mass was delivered after the last giant impact in a stage of 'late accretion.' There is ongoing debate about the nature of late-accreted material and the sizes of late-accreted bodies. Earth appears isotopically most similar to enstatite chondrites and achondrites. It has been suggested that late accretion must have been dominated by enstatite-like bodies that originated in the inner disk, rather than ordinary or carbonaceous chondrites. Here, we examine the provenances of 'leftover' planetesimals present in the inner disk in the late stages of accretion simulations. Dynamically excited planet formation produces planets and embryos with similar provenances, suggesting that the Moon-forming impactor may have had a stable isotope composition very similar to the proto-Earth. Commonly, some planetesimal-sized bodies with similar provenances to the Earth-like planets are left at the end of the main stage of growth. The most chemically-similar planetesimals are typically fragments of proto-planets ejected millions of years earlier. If these similar-provenance bodies are later accreted by the planet, they will represent late-accreted mass that naturally matches Earth's composition. The planetesimal-sized bodies that exist during the giant impact phase can have large core mass fractions, with core provenances similar to the proto-Earth. These bodies are an important potential source for highly siderophile elements. The range of core fractions in leftover planetesimals complicates simple inferences as to the mass and origin of late accretion based on the highly siderophile elements in the mantle.