论文标题
中等收入国家的贸易便利和经济增长
Trade Facilitation and Economic Growth Among Middle-Income Countries
论文作者
论文摘要
这项研究研究了从2010年到2020年，使用由48个中低收入国家组成的94个国家和46个上层收入国家，从2010年到2020年，贸易便利化与经济增长之间的关系。由于横截面（n）大于（t）的时期，因此该研究利用了矩（GMM）的差异和系统广义方法（GMM）。研究发现，集装箱港口的交通，贸易质量和与运输相关的基础设施对商品和国民收入的进出口有很大的影响，而贸易关税却损害了国家的增长。研究还发现，大多数贸易促进指标表明对贸易流和经济增长的积极影响较弱。基于这些发现，研究建议，旨在显着降低中等收入国家之间跨境的交易成本的改革应在政策制定中得到高度优先级，并通过减少跨境文档，时间和实际交易成本来确定贸易范围的贸易范围（TFAS）的影响力（TFIS）的行动（TFIS）（TFIS）（TFIS）的行动（TFIS）（TFIS）（TFIS）的行动（TFIS）（TFIS）的实际影响（TFIS），将重点放在出口方面，并将其重点放在出口方面。评估。
This study examined the relationship between trade facilitation and economic growth among the middle-income countries from 2010 to 2020 using 94 countries made up of 48 lower-middle-income countries and 46 upper-middle-income countries. The study utilized both difference and system Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) since the cross-sections (N) were greater than the periods (T). The study found that container port traffic, quality of trade and transport-related infrastructure have a strong influence on imports and exports of goods and national income while trade tariff hurts the growth of the countries. The study also found that most of the trade facilitation indicators indicated a weak positive influence on trade flows and economic growth. Based on these findings, the study recommends that reforms aimed at significantly lowering the costs of trading across borders among middle-income countries should be highly prioritized in policy formulations, with a focus on the export side by reducing at-the-border documentation, time, and real costs of trading across borders while the international organizations should continue to report the set of Trade Facilitation Indicators (TFIs) that identify areas for action and enable the potential impact of reforms to be assessed.
