论文标题

当前时代的理性 - 最近的调查

Rationality in current era -- A recent survey

论文作者

Das, Dibakar

论文摘要

几十年来,理性一直是一个有趣的话题。即使是不同受试者的理性定义范围也有所不同。最初发展的几种理论(例如,游戏理论)是基于代理人(例如人类)完全理性的。对完美理性的一种解释是,代理商始终做出最大化其预期公用事业的最佳决定。但是,随后,这个假设放松了,以包括有限的合理性,其中代理在计算资源和偏见方面有局限性,从而阻止他们采取最佳决策。但是,随着(量子)计算,人工智能(AI),科学和技术等的最新进展,人们认为,理性的概念也许会通过机器智能来增强,这将使代理商能够以更高的规律性来最佳地做出决策。但是,对此主题有不同的看法。该论文试图提出最近对这些不同观点的研究(最近五年)的研究。这些观点可能会分为三个思想流派。第一所学校是对AI进步的持怀疑态度的学校,并认为人类情报将始终取代机器智能。第二学院认为,AI的出现和计算进步将有助于更好地理解有限的理性。第三学派认为,AI和其他各个领域的进步将扩大有限理性的界限。这项调查希望为进一步研究提供一个起点。

Rationality has been an intriguing topic for several decades. Even the scope of definition of rationality across different subjects varies. Several theories (e.g., game theory) initially evolved on the basis that agents (e.g., humans) are perfectly rational. One interpretation of perfect rationality is that agents always make the optimal decision which maximizes their expected utilities. However, subsequently this assumption was relaxed to include bounded rationality where agents have limitations in terms of computing resources and biases which prevents them to take the optimal decision. However, with recent advances in (quantum) computing, artificial intelligence (AI), science and technology etc., has led to the thought that perhaps the concept of rationality would be augmented with machine intelligence which will enable agents to take decision optimally with higher regularity. However, there are divergent views on this topic. The paper attempts to put forward a recent survey (last five years) of research on these divergent views. These viewsmay be grouped into three schools of thoughts. The first school is the one which is sceptical of progress of AI and believes that human intelligencewill always supersede machine intelligence. The second school of thought thinks that advent of AI and advances in computing will help in better understanding of bounded rationality. Third school of thought believes that bounds of bounded rationality will be extended by advances in AI and various other fields. This survey hopes to provide a starting point for further research.

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