论文标题

基于动作语言的计算道德的实际因果关系:ASP中的声音和完整实现

Action Languages Based Actual Causality for Computational Ethics: a Sound and Complete Implementation in ASP

论文作者

Sarmiento, Camilo, Bourgne, Gauvain, Inoue, Katsumi, Cavalli, Daniele, Ganascia, Jean-Gabriel

论文摘要

尽管道德责任不是因因果关系而限制的,但他们俩都是紧密相结合的。此外,理性地理解物理世界的演变与因果关系的观念固有地联系在一起。因此,基于自动化计划的决策应用不可避免地必须处理因果关系,尤其是当他们考虑含义的方面或整合对道德规范的参考时。在过去的几十年中,围绕因果关系的许多辩论表明,这一观念有多复杂,因此它与计划的整合有多么困难。结果,尽管上述考虑因素,但计算伦理学中的许多工作都将因果关系降级为背景。本文的贡献是从适合行动语言的实际因果定义中提供完整而合理的转换为逻辑编程,此定义是对赖特NESS测试的形式化。获得的逻辑程序允许处理复杂的因果关系。除了使代理人推理因果关系外,这种贡献还可以使计算伦理领域能够处理以前无法触及的情况。在决策中的道德考虑因素越来越重要的情况下,计算伦理的进步可以极大地使整个AI社区受益。

Although moral responsibility is not circumscribed by causality, they are both closely intermixed. Furthermore, rationally understanding the evolution of the physical world is inherently linked with the idea of causality. Thus, the decision-making applications based on automated planning inevitably have to deal with causality, especially if they consider imputability aspects or integrate references to ethical norms. The many debates around causation in the last decades have shown how complex this notion is and thus, how difficult is its integration with planning. As a result, much of the work in computational ethics relegates causality to the background, despite the considerations stated above. This paper's contribution is to provide a complete and sound translation into logic programming from an actual causation definition suitable for action languages, this definition is a formalisation of Wright's NESS test. The obtained logic program allows to deal with complex causal relations. In addition to enabling agents to reason about causality, this contribution specifically enables the computational ethics domain to handle situations that were previously out of reach. In a context where ethical considerations in decision-making are increasingly important, advances in computational ethics can greatly benefit the entire AI community.

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