论文标题
AGEL调查：使用卷积神经网络选择的DES中强力透镜的光谱确认
The AGEL Survey: Spectroscopic Confirmation of Strong Gravitational Lenses in the DES and DECaLS Fields Selected Using Convolutional Neural Networks
论文作者
论文摘要
我们使用凯克天文台和非常大的望远镜对候选强力透镜进行了光谱证实，作为我们Astro 3D Galaxy Evolution的一部分，透镜（AGEL）调查。我们确认1）使用卷积神经网络（CNN）进行视觉检查的搜索方法成功地识别了强力透镜和2）镜头在较高的红移中相对于现有调查，这是由于DECAM和Spectroscopy跨度跨度跨度的较高和更高分辨率的成像组合而成的，这些镜头跨越了光学范围，并且光谱范围跨越了光学范围。我们测量从DES中的目录和贴花成像场中选择的77个系统中的104个红移（R <22 mag）。将我们的结果与已发表的红移相结合，我们为68个镜头提供了红移，并确定基于CNN的搜索对于未来的成像调查非常有效，成功率为88％（定义为68/77）。我们报告了53个具有光谱红移的强镜，用于偏转器和源（z_src> z_defl），15个带有光谱红移的镜头，用于偏转器（z_defl> 0.21）或源（Z_SRC> 1.34）。对于68个镜头，偏转器和源的平均红移和标准偏差分别为0.58 +/- 0.14和1.92 +/- 0.59，相应的红移范围为（0.21 <z_defl <0.89）和（0.88 <z_src <3.55）。 Agel系统包括ZDEFL> 0.5的41个偏转器，是跟踪质量密度曲线如何随红移演化的理想选择。我们使用Agel的目标是在光谱上确认〜100个强力透镜，这是全年都可以从两个半球观察到的。 AGEL调查是一种资源，用于完善自动化的全天空搜索并解决一系列天体物理学和宇宙学中的问题。
We present spectroscopic confirmation of candidate strong gravitational lenses using the Keck Observatory and Very Large Telescope as part of our ASTRO 3D Galaxy Evolution with Lenses (AGEL) survey. We confirm that 1) search methods using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with visual inspection successfully identify strong gravitational lenses and 2) the lenses are at higher redshifts relative to existing surveys due to the combination of deeper and higher resolution imaging from DECam and spectroscopy spanning optical to near-infrared wavelengths. We measure 104 redshifts in 77 systems selected from a catalog in the DES and DECaLS imaging fields (r<22 mag). Combining our results with published redshifts, we present redshifts for 68 lenses and establish that CNN-based searches are highly effective for use in future imaging surveys with a success rate of 88% (defined as 68/77). We report 53 strong lenses with spectroscopic redshifts for both the deflector and source (z_src>z_defl), and 15 lenses with a spectroscopic redshift for either the deflector (z_defl>0.21) or source (z_src>1.34). For the 68 lenses, the deflectors and sources have average redshifts and standard deviations of 0.58+/-0.14 and 1.92+/-0.59 respectively, and corresponding redshift ranges of (0.21<z_defl<0.89) and (0.88<z_src<3.55). The AGEL systems include 41 deflectors at zdefl>0.5 that are ideal for follow-up studies to track how mass density profiles evolve with redshift. Our goal with AGEL is to spectroscopically confirm ~100 strong gravitational lenses that can be observed from both hemispheres throughout the year. The AGEL survey is a resource for refining automated all-sky searches and addressing a range of questions in astrophysics and cosmology.
