论文标题

薄外壳的适当时间量化

Proper time Quantization of a Thin Shell

论文作者

Vaz, Cenalo

论文摘要

“时间”在经典的一般相对论和量子理论中具有不同的含义。尽管时间函数的所有选择都产生相同的局部经典几何形状,但建立在不同时间函数上的量子理论并非单位等效。在模型系统中,这种不相容性最为生动,在不同时间变量中,确切的量子描述可用。这样的系统是球形对称的薄灰尘壳。在本文中,我们将比较在适当的时间和特定坐标时间上构建的外壳的量子理论。我们发现完全不兼容的描述:坐标时间中的壳量子力学在质量大于质量大于普朗克质量时不接受溶液,但其适当的时间量子力学仅在质量大于质量大于普朗克质量时才能接受解决方案。后者与观察期的期望更好。我们认为,适当的时间量化为规范量化的时间问题提供了卓越的方法。

"Time" has different meanings in classical general relativity and in quantum theory. While all choices of a time function yield the same local classical geometries, quantum theories built on different time functions are not unitarily equivalent. This incompatibility is most vivid in model systems for which exact quantum descriptions in different time variables are available. One such system is a spherically symmetric, thin dust shell. In this essay we will compare the quantum theories of the shell built on proper time and on a particular coordinate time. We find wholly incompatible descriptions: whereas the shell quantum mechanics in coordinate time admits no solutions when the mass is greater than the Planck mass, its proper time quantum mechanics only admits solutions when the mass is greater than the Planck mass. The latter is in better agreement with what is expected from observation. We argue that proper time quantization provides a superior approach to the problem of time in canonical quantization.

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