论文标题
骰子晶格中的超氟密度和集体模式
Superfluid density and collective modes of fermion superfluid in dice lattice
论文作者
论文摘要
研究了有吸引力的Hubbard模型在骰子晶格中的超流体特性。发现随着相互作用的增加,三个超流体阶参数增加。当填充因子由于无限密度的状态密度而落入平坦带中时,所得的超流体订单参数与相互作用强度成正比,这与通常的超级流体(或超导体)中的指数较小的对应物形成鲜明对比。当相互作用较弱,并且填充因子接近最低带的底部(或最高带的顶部)时,超流体密度由最低(或最高)单粒子带的有效质量确定。当相互作用很强并且填充因子很小时,超流体密度与相互作用强度成反比,这与有效的紧密结合对质量有关。在强烈的相互作用极限和有限填充中,可以通过填充因子的抛物线功能来捕获超流体密度的渐近行为。此外,当填充在平坦带中时,当相互作用接近零时,超流体密度显示出对数奇异性。此外,有三种未阻尼的集体模式用于强烈的相互作用。最低的激发是无间隙的声子,其特征是总密度振荡。另外两个是glapped的leggett模式,它们对应于sublattices之间的相对密度波动。集体模式也通过尖峰反映在两粒子光谱函数中。此外,发现两个粒子光谱函数满足了一个精确的总和规则,该函数与填充因子(或粒子的密度)直接相关。光谱函数的总和可能有助于区分实验中的孔掺杂和粒子掺杂的超导体(超导体)。
The superfluid properties of attractive Hubbard model in dice lattice are investigated. It is found that three superfluid order parameters increase as the interaction increases. When the filling factor falls into the flat band, due to the infinite large density of states, the resultant superfluid order parameters are proportional to interaction strength, which is in striking contrast with the exponentially small counterparts in usual superfluid (or superconductor). When the interaction is weak, and the filling factor is near the bottom of the lowest band (or the top of highest band), the superfluid density is determined by the effective mass of the lowest (or highest) single-particle band. When the interaction is strong and filling factor is small, the superfluid density is inversely proportional to interaction strength, which is related to effective mass of tightly bound pairs. In the strong interaction limit and finite filling, the asymptotic behaviors of superfluid density can be captured by a parabolic function of filling factor. Furthermore, when the filling is in flat band, the superfluid density shows a logarithmic singularity as the interaction approaches zero. In addition, there exist three undamped collective modes for strong interactions. The lowest excitation is gapless phonon, which is characterized by the total density oscillations. The two others are gapped Leggett modes, which correspond relative density fluctuations between sublattices. The collective modes are also reflected in the two-particle spectral functions by sharp peaks. Furthermore, it is found that the two-particle spectral functions satisfy an exact sum-rule, which is directly related to the filling factor (or density of particle). The sum-rule of the spectral functions may be useful to distinguish between the hole-doped and particle-doped superfluid (superconductor) in experiments.