论文标题

具有硬边界的极限周期的变分和相响应分析,并应用于神经力学控制问题

Variational and phase response analysis for limit cycles with hard boundaries, with applications to neuromechanical control problems

论文作者

Wang, Yangyang, Gill, Jeffrey P., Chiel, Hillel J., Thomas, Peter J.

论文摘要

运动系统表现出整体鲁棒性,但是由于它们是高度非线性的,因此很难了解它们如何实现鲁棒性。在许多节奏系统中,对扰动的鲁棒性涉及轨迹的形状和时机的响应。这使得鲁棒性的研究更加具有挑战性。 为了了解运动系统如何在可变环境中产生强大的行为,我们考虑了Marine Mollusk \ textit {Aplysia californica} \ citep {Shaw2015,Lyttle2017}的Marine Mollusk \ textit {Aplysia californica} \ textit {Aplysia californica} \ textit {aplysia {aplysia {aplysia {aplysia {aplysia {aplysia}。我们在\ citep {WGCT2021}中建立了研究持续扰动下极限周期系统组合形状和时序响应的工具,并在这里将其应用于研究神经力学模型的鲁棒性,以防止吞咽过程中增加机械负载。有趣的是,我们发现非线性生物力学特性通过立即增加对施加载荷的阻力来赋予弹性。相反,变化的感觉反馈信号的效果因点火速率的硬边界特性而显着延迟。我们的分析表明,感官反馈主要是通过移动摩托车动力中风的神经激活时间(收回)的神经激活的时间来有助于吞咽的鲁棒性。这种效果使系统能够产生更强大的牵开力来补偿增加的负载,从而实现强大的稳健性。 我们应用于理解\ textIt {Aplysia}中的神经力学模型的方法,以及我们获得的结果,可能会洞悉其他电动机系统的功能,这些电机系统遇到机械载荷和硬性界限,这是由于机械和神经元的射击特性。

Motor systems show an overall robustness, but because they are highly nonlinear, understanding how they achieve robustness is difficult. In many rhythmic systems, robustness against perturbations involves response of both the shape and the timing of the trajectory. This makes the study of robustness even more challenging. To understand how a motor system produces robust behaviors in a variable environment, we consider a neuromechanical model of motor patterns in the feeding apparatus of the marine mollusk \textit{Aplysia californica} \citep{shaw2015,lyttle2017}. We established in \citep{WGCT2021} the tools for studying combined shape and timing responses of limit cycle systems under sustained perturbations and here apply them to study robustness of the neuromechanical model against increased mechanical load during swallowing. Interestingly, we discover that nonlinear biomechanical properties confer resilience by immediately increasing resistance to applied loads. In contrast, the effect of changed sensory feedback signal is significantly delayed by the firing rates' hard boundary properties. Our analysis suggests that sensory feedback contributes to robustness in swallowing primarily by shifting the timing of neural activation involved in the power stroke of the motor cycle (retraction). This effect enables the system to generate stronger retractor muscle forces to compensate for the increased load, and hence achieve strong robustness. The approaches that we are applying to understanding a neuromechanical model in \textit{Aplysia}, and the results that we have obtained, are likely to provide insights into the function of other motor systems that encounter changing mechanical loads and hard boundaries, both due to mechanical and neuronal firing properties.

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