论文标题

带有实用设备的无侧通道量子密钥分布

Side-channel-free quantum key distribution with practical devices

论文作者

Jiang, Cong, Yu, Zong-Wen, Hu, Xiao-Long, Wang, Xiang-Bin

论文摘要

基于真空状态中没有侧通道的想法,提出了无侧通道量子键分布(SCFQKD)协议,该协议不受源侧通道空间中的所有攻击以及检测器中的所有攻击。在原始的SCFQKD方案中,一个重要的假设是爱丽丝和鲍勃可以产生完美的真空脉冲。但是,由于强度调节器的有限灭绝比,在实践中不可能进行完美的真空脉冲。在本文中,我们解决了这个问题,并使用不发出完美真空脉冲的真实源设备使量子钥匙分布侧通道安全。我们的结论仅取决于来源强度的上限。不需要其他假设,例如稳定的来源和稳定的侧通道。数值结果表明,与SCFQKD协议的结果具有完美的真空源相比,仅如果不完美真空源的强度的上限小于$ 10^{ - 8} $,则关键速率和安全距离仅略有下降,这可以通过两阶段强度调制器在实验中实现。我们还表明,双向经典通信可用于SCFQKD协议的数据后处理,以提高关键率。特别是,主动奇数配对方法可以将所有距离的密钥速率提高约两次,而安全距离则可以提高约40公里。将基于不完美真空的侧通道安全性提供,这项工作使实现使用真实设备的侧通道安全QKD成为可能。

Based on the idea that there is no side channel in the vacuum state, the side-channel-free quantum key distribution (SCFQKD) protocol was proposed, which is immune to all attacks in the source side-channel space and all attacks in the detectors. In the original SCFQKD protocol, an important assumption is that Alice and Bob can produce the perfect vacuum pulses. But due to the finite extinction ratio of the intensity modulators, the perfect vacuum pulse is impossible in practice. In this paper, we solve this problem and make the quantum key distribution side-channel secure with real source device which does not emit perfect vacuum pulses. Our conclusion only depends on the upper bounds of the intensities of the sources. No other assumptions such as stable sources and stable side channels are needed. The numerical results show that, comparing with the results of SCFQKD protocol with perfect vacuum sources, the key rates and secure distance are only slightly decreased if the upper bound of the intensity of the imperfect vacuum source is less than $10^{-8}$ which can be achieved in experiment by two-stage intensity modulator. We also show that the two-way classical communication can be used to the data post-processing of SCFQKD protocol to improve the key rate. Specially, the active odd-parity pairing method can improve the key rates in all distances by about two times and the secure distance by about 40 km. Give that the side channel security based on imperfect vacuum, this work makes it possible to realize side channel secure QKD with real devices.

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