论文标题

使用课堂间特征的耳朵声验证的精度增强

Accuracy Enhancement for Ear Acoustic Authentication Using Between-class Features

论文作者

Yasuhara, Masaki, Nambu, Isao, Maruyama, Yoshiko, Yano, Shohei

论文摘要

在现有的生物特征验证方法中,用户必须执行身份验证操作,例如将手指放在扫描仪中或面对相机。通过耳朵声认证,耳道的声学特征被用作生物特征信息。因此,戴着耳机的人无需执行任何身份验证操作。在生物识别身份验证中,有必要最大程度地降低错误的接受率(FAR),以使未经授权的用户被误认为是授权用户。但是,如果将远处设置为低,则会增加虚假拒绝率(FRR),该授权用户被错误地认为是未经授权的用户的速率。据报道,当远处是0.1%时,耳声认证中的FRR将达到多达22%。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种降低FRR并提高身份验证准确性的方法。它产生了称为类之间(BC)特征的新耳道声学特征,该特征结合了授权和未经授权的用户功能的耳管声学特征。提出的方法使用支持向量机作为授权用户的数据学习BC功能,然后在靠近该数据的区域中生成超平面。我们假设这将减少将未经授权的用户误认为是授权用户的可能性,并在远处是0.1%时降低了FRR。为了评估所提出的方法的性能,将BC特征应用于耳声认证,并计算了FAR和FRR。远= 0.1%的FRR比上一个方法低7.95%,而同等的错误率(FAR和FRR等效时的错误率)降低了0.15%。这些结果证实了所提出的方法可以使耳朵声验证更加方便,同时保持高度的安全性。

In existing biometric authentication methods, the user must perform an authentication operation such as placing a finger in a scanner or facing a camera. With ear acoustic authentication, acoustic characteristics of the ear canal are used as biometric information. Therefore, a person wearing earphones does not need to perform any authentication operation. In biometric authentication, it is necessary to minimize the false acceptance rate (FAR) so that no unauthorized user is misidentified as an authorized user. However, if the FAR is set low, it increases the false rejection rate (FRR), the rate at which authorized users are falsely recognized as unauthorized users. It has been reported that when FAR is 0.1%, the FRR in ear acoustic authentication reaches as much as 22%. In this study, we propose a method that reduces FRR and enhances authentication accuracy; it generates new ear canal acoustic characteristics called between-class (BC) features, which combine the ear canal acoustic characteristics of authorized and unauthorized users features. The proposed method uses a support vector machine to learn the BC features as the data of authorized users, then generates a hyperplane in an area close to that data. We hypothesize that this would decrease the possibility of misidentifying an unauthorized user as an authorized user and decrease the FRR when the FAR is 0.1%. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, BC features were applied to ear acoustic authentication, and FAR and FRR were calculated. The FRR with FAR = 0.1% was 7.95% lower than with the previous method, and the equal error rate -- the error rate when FAR and FRR are equivalent -- decreased by 0.15%. These results confirmed that the proposed method can make ear acoustic authentication more convenient while maintaining a high level of security.

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