论文标题
在强耦合下量子奥托周期
Quantum Otto cycle under strong coupling
论文作者
论文摘要
在弱耦合假设下，通常讨论量子热发动机，即系统与储层之间的相互作用可以忽略不计。尽管此设置更易于分析，但该假设不能以量子标尺为合理。在这项研究中，提出了通常不涉及弱耦合假设的量子奥托循环模型。我们用包括热耦合和脱钩的过程替换弱耦合模型中的热化过程。通过分析计算提出的模型的效率，它表明当相互作用项的贡献在弱相互作用极限中忽略时，它会减少到早期模型的贡献。提出的模型效率的充分条件不超过弱耦合模型的效率，即我们模型的解耦过程具有正成本。此外，使用简单的两级系统对相互作用强度和提议模型的效率之间的关系进行数值检查。此外，我们表明我们的模型的效率可以超过特定情况下弱耦合模型的效率。通过分析主要化关系，我们还找到了一种最佳相互作用汉密尔顿人的设计方法，该方法有望提供所提出模型的最大效率。在这些相互作用的汉密尔顿人中，数值实验表明，所提出的模型的效率高于其弱耦合对应物的效率。
Quantum heat engines are often discussed under the weak coupling assumption that the interaction between the system and the reservoirs is negligible. Although this setup is easier to analyze, this assumption cannot be justified on the quantum scale. In this study, a quantum Otto cycle model that can be generally applied without the weak coupling assumption is proposed. We replace the thermalization process in the weak coupling model with a process comprising thermalization and decoupling. The efficiency of the proposed model is analytically calculated and it indicates that when the contribution of the interaction terms is neglected in the weak interaction limit, it reduces to that of the earlier model. The sufficient condition for the efficiency of the proposed model not to surpass that of the weak coupling model is that the decoupling processes of our model have a positive cost. Moreover, the relation between the interaction strength and the efficiency of the proposed model is numerically examined using a simple two-level system. Furthermore, we show that our model's efficiency can surpass that of the weak coupling model under particular cases. From analyzing the majorization relation, we also find a design method of the optimal interaction Hamiltonians which are expected to provide the maximum efficiency of the proposed model. Under these interaction Hamiltonians, the numerical experiment shows that the proposed model achieves higher efficiency than that of its weak coupling counterpart.
