论文标题
大地理位置在美国Reddit用户中错误信息传播中的作用
The role of the Big Geographic Sort in the circulation of misinformation among U.S. Reddit users
论文作者
论文摘要
过去的研究将错误信息的在线流通归因于两个主要因素 - 个人特征（例如，一个人的信息素养）和社交媒体效应（例如，算法介导的信息扩散） - 忽略了第三个：第三个：由美国人陷入了志趣相投的地区的批判性质量，即志趣相投的地理位置，称为志趣相投的地区（一个善良的现象）（一个现象）（一个现象）。我们假设后一个因素对于在线传播错误信息至关重要，尤其是因为在线互动具有全球性的潜力，但最终被定位：众所周知，互动概率会随着距离而迅速衰减。 Upon analysis of more than 8M Reddit comments containing news links spanning four years, from January 2016 to December 2019, we found that Reddit did not work as an "hype machine" for misinformation (as opposed to what previous work reported for other platforms, circulation was not mainly caused by platform-facilitated network effects) but worked as a supply-and-demand system: misinformation news items scaled linearly with the number of users in each state (with a scaling指数beta = 1，拟合r2 = 0.95）。此外，最好通过国家级别的个性和文化因素（R2 = {0.12，0.39}）来解释与这种普遍模式的偏差，而不是社会经济条件（R2 = {0.15，0.29}），或者，正如人们所期望的那样，政治特征（R2 = {0.06，0.21，0.21}）。在以居民为特征的国家中发现的任何类型的新闻（包括知名的新闻）的流通于预期，他们的性格（低于良心性）往往不那么勤奋，而宽松的文化则低估了依从性对规范的重要性（较低的文化紧密性）。
Past research has attributed the online circulation of misinformation to two main factors - individual characteristics (e.g., a person's information literacy) and social media effects (e.g., algorithm-mediated information diffusion) - and has overlooked a third one: the critical mass created by the offline self-segregation of Americans into like-minded geographical regions such as states (a phenomenon called "The Big Sort"). We hypothesized that this latter factor matters for the online spreading of misinformation not least because online interactions, despite having the potential of being global, end up being localized: interaction probability is known to rapidly decay with distance. Upon analysis of more than 8M Reddit comments containing news links spanning four years, from January 2016 to December 2019, we found that Reddit did not work as an "hype machine" for misinformation (as opposed to what previous work reported for other platforms, circulation was not mainly caused by platform-facilitated network effects) but worked as a supply-and-demand system: misinformation news items scaled linearly with the number of users in each state (with a scaling exponent beta=1, and a goodness of fit R2 = 0.95). Furthermore, deviations from such a universal pattern were best explained by state-level personality and cultural factors (R2 = {0.12, 0.39}), rather than socioeconomic conditions (R2 = {0.15, 0.29}) or, as one would expect, political characteristics (R2 ={0.06, 0.21}). Higher-than-expected circulation of any type of news (including reputable news) was found in states characterised by residents who tend to be less diligent in terms of their personality (low in conscientiousness) and by loose cultures understating the importance of adherence to norms (low in cultural tightness).
