论文标题
与伽马射线超新星残留幼犬相关的分子和原子云
Molecular and Atomic Clouds Associated with the Gamma-Ray Supernova Remnant Puppis A
论文作者
论文摘要
我们通过使用Nanten CO和ATCA HI数据对类似壳的超新星SNR幼犬A进行了对星际介质（ISM）的研究。我们通过将ISM数据与伽马射线和X射线分布相结合，综合了SNR辐射的全面图片。 ISM是原子气和分子气体，是密度且高度块状的，并且分布在SNR周围，但主要在东北。 CO分配显示CO（$ j $ = 2-1）/（$ j $ = 1-0）过渡的线强度比以及CO线扩展，这表明冲击加热/加速。结果支持小狗A位于当地手臂的1.4 kpc。 ISM与SNR交互的质量为$ \ sim $ 10 $^{4} $ $ m _ {\ odot} $，它以HI为主，显示出与Fermi-Lat Gamma-ray图像的良好空间对应。这有利于伽玛射线的耐药来源，而不排除该麻风病组件的其他贡献。壳体内X射线电离时间尺度的分布表明，冲击前电离ISM的各个部分在时期的各个部分，范围为几至十1000年。因此，我们建议SNR的年龄约为10 $^{4} $ yr，由最大的电离时间尺度给出。我们估计总宇宙射线能量$ w _ {\ rm p} $为10 $^{47} $ erg，它在年龄的宇宙射线逃逸阶段很好地放置在一个年龄-W _ {\ rm p} $绘图中，其中包括超过十个SNR。
We have carried out a study of the interstellar medium (ISM) toward a shell-like supernova remnant SNR Puppis A by using the NANTEN CO and ATCA HI data. We synthesized a comprehensive picture of the SNR radiation by combining the ISM data with the gamma-ray and X-ray distributions. The ISM, both atomic and molecular gas, is dense and highly clumpy, and is distributed all around the SNR, but mainly in the north-east. The CO distribution revealed an enhanced line intensity ratio of CO($J$ = 2-1)/($J$ = 1-0) transitions as well as CO line broadening, which indicate shock heating/acceleration. The results support that Puppis A is located at 1.4 kpc, in the local arm. The ISM interacting with the SNR has a large mass of $\sim$10$^{4}$ $M_{\odot}$ which is dominated by HI, showing good spatial correspondence with the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray image. This favors the hadronic origin of the gamma-rays, while additional contribution of the leptonic component is not excluded. The distribution of the X-ray ionization timescales within the shell suggests that the shock front ionized various parts of the ISM at epochs ranging over a few to ten 1000 yr. We therefore suggest that the age of the SNR is around 10$^{4}$ yr as given by the largest ionization timescale. We estimate the total cosmic ray energy $W_{\rm p}$ to be 10$^{47}$ erg, which is well placed in the cosmic-ray escaping phase of an age-$W_{\rm p}$ plot including more than ten SNRs.
