论文标题
在各个方面锐化距离的猜想
Sharpening the Distance Conjecture in Diverse Dimensions
论文作者
论文摘要
储层计算是预测湍流的有力工具,其简单的架构具有处理大型系统的计算效率。然而,其实现通常需要完整的状态向量测量和系统非线性知识。我们使用非线性投影函数将系统测量扩展到高维空间,然后将其输入到储层中以获得预测。我们展示了这种储层计算网络在时空混沌系统上的应用,该系统模拟了湍流的若干特征。我们表明,使用径向基函数作为非线性投影器,即使只有部分观测并且不知道控制方程,也能稳健地捕捉复杂的系统非线性。最后,我们表明,当测量稀疏、不完整且带有噪声,甚至控制方程变得不准确时,我们的网络仍然可以产生相当准确的预测,从而为实际湍流系统的无模型预测铺平了道路。
The Distance Conjecture holds that any infinite-distance limit in the scalar field moduli space of a consistent theory of quantum gravity must be accompanied by a tower of light particles whose masses scale exponentially with proper field distance $\Vertϕ\Vert$ as $m \sim \exp(- λ\Vertϕ\Vert)$, where $λ$ is order-one in Planck units. While the evidence for this conjecture is formidable, there is at present no consensus on which values of $λ$ are allowed. In this paper, we propose a sharp lower bound for the lightest tower in a given infinite-distance limit in $d$ dimensions: $λ\geq 1/\sqrt{d-2}$. In support of this proposal, we show that (1) it is exactly preserved under dimensional reduction, (2) it is saturated in many examples of string/M-theory compactifications, including maximal supergravity in $d= \text{4 - 10}$ dimensions, and (3) it is saturated in many examples of minimal supergravity in $d= \text{4 - 10}$ dimensions, assuming appropriate versions of the Weak Gravity Conjecture. We argue that towers with $λ< 1/\sqrt{d-2}$ discussed previously in the literature are always accompanied by even lighter towers with $λ\geq 1/\sqrt{d-2}$, thereby satisfying our proposed bound. We discuss connections with and implications for the Emergent String Conjecture, the Scalar Weak Gravity Conjecture, the Repulsive Force Conjecture, large-field inflation, and scalar field potentials in quantum gravity. In particular, we argue that if our proposed bound applies beyond massless moduli spaces to scalar fields with potentials, then accelerated cosmological expansion cannot occur in asymptotic regimes of scalar field space in quantum gravity.