论文标题
拓扑机械超材料的可扩展3D打印
Scalable 3D printing for topological mechanical metamaterials
论文作者
论文摘要
机械超材料是旨在表现出外来反应的结构，例如表面的拓扑软模式。在这里，我们通过将球和弹簧模型转换为物理原型来探索这些拓扑结构的单一物质3D打印。通过单轴线压缩具有边际刚度的3D打印固体，我们观察到表面始终比大块柔软。但是，我们还发现，与线性模型的拓扑上可靠的预测相反，两个相对表面中的任何一个都可以是最柔软的。有限元模拟使我们能够弥合这一差距。我们探索打印几何形状和变形幅度如何影响表面柔软度。对于小菌株，我们发现与球和弹簧模型的定性一致性，但是令人惊讶的是，非线性变形可以选择哪个侧最柔软。我们的工作将拓扑机制对真实3D材料的预测及其潜在的缓冲应用的预测。
Mechanical metamaterials are structures designed to exhibit an exotic response, such as topological soft modes at a surface. Here we explore single-material 3D prints of these topological structures by translating a ball-and-spring model into a physical prototype. By uniaxially compressing the 3D-printed solid having marginal rigidity, we observe that the surfaces are consistently softer than the bulk. However, we also find that either of two opposite surfaces can be the softest, in contrast to the topologically robust predictions of the linear model. Finite-element simulations allow us to bridge this gap. We explore how the printing geometry and deformation amplitude could affect surface softness. For small strains, we find qualitative agreement with the ball-and-spring model but, surprisingly, nonlinear deformations can select which side is softest. Our work contextualizes the predictions of topological mechanics for real 3D materials and their potential for cushioning applications.
