论文标题
用于在洪水流中建模桥梁建模的新的Riemann求解器 - 开发和实验验证
A New Riemann Solver for Modelling Bridges in Flood Flows -- Development and Experimental Validation
论文作者
论文摘要
河流中的流量可能会受到流动障碍或人工结构（例如桥梁，堰和大坝）的强烈影响。在洪水中尤其如此，在这种洪水中，可能会导致重大的回水影响或流出银行流出的流量。但是，在当代行业实践中，诸如桥梁之类的线性特征通常是使用粗近似，基于经验的方法或完全省略的。本文中提出的是一种新型的Riemann求解器，能够使用有限体积方案在流体动力洪水模型中对此类特征的影响进行建模，以求解浅水方程。解决方案过程表示相邻单元之间界面的结构，并结合了内部边界条件和相邻单元格中的不同形式的保护定律，以解决跨界面上的数值通量。由于该过程仅适用于与正在建模结构的接口相邻的单元格，因此该方法可能与现有的流体动力学模型兼容。与从最先进的研究水槽收集的验证数据的比较表明，求解器适合建模一系列流动条件和结构构型，例如桥梁和门。
Flows in rivers can be strongly affected by obstacles to flow or artificial structures such as bridges, weirs and dams. This is especially true during floods, where significant backwater effects or diversion of flow out of bank can result. However, within contemporary industry practice, linear features such as bridges are often modelled using coarse approximations, empirically based methods or are omitted entirely. Presented within this paper is a novel Riemann solver which is capable of modelling the influence of such features within hydrodynamic flood models using finite volume schemes to solve the shallow water equations. The solution procedure represents structures at the interface between neighbouring cells and uses a combination of internal boundary conditions and a different form of the conservation laws in the adjacent cells to resolve numerical fluxes across the interface. Since the procedure only applies to the cells adjacent to the interface at which a structure is being modelled, the method is therefore potentially compatible with existing hydrodynamic models. Comparisons with validation data collected from a state of the art research flume demonstrate that the solver is suitable for modelling a range of flow conditions and structure configurations such as bridges and gates.
