论文标题
远离地平线的表面不是热力学
Surfaces away from horizons are not thermodynamic
论文作者
论文摘要
自1970年代以来，众所周知，黑洞（和其他）视野本质上是真正的热力学。更一般而言，也已经猜想了非平层的表面以热力学的表现。最初，对于表面，显微镜从地平线扩展到所谓的拉伸视野，最近，对于紧急重力程序中的更一般的普通表面。为了测试这些猜想，我们询问这样的表面是否满足了对热力学第一定律的类似物（就像视野一样）。对于静态的渐近平台空间，我们发现这样的第一定律始终存在。我们严格地证明，这项定律仍然是拉伸视野的绝佳近似值，但也许违反直觉，这结果表明，仅暗示着真正的热力学行为，黑洞力学定律的定律不足。对于远离紧急重力程序中的地平面的表面，第一定律失败（除完全球形对称的情况外），从而破坏了该程序的关键热力学假设。
Since the 1970's it has been known that black hole (and other) horizons are truly thermodynamic in nature. More generally, surfaces which are not horizons have also been conjectured to behave thermodynamically. Initially, for surfaces microscopically expanded from a horizon to so-called stretched horizons, and more recently, for more general ordinary surfaces in the emergent gravity program. To test these conjectures we ask whether such surfaces satisfy an analogue to the first law of thermodynamics (as do horizons). For static asymptotically-flat spacetimes we find that such a first law holds on horizons. We rigorously prove that this law remains an excellent approximation for stretched horizons, but perhaps counter-intuitively this result illustrates the insufficiency of the laws of black hole mechanics alone from implying truly thermodynamic behavior. For surfaces away from horizons in the emergent gravity program the first law fails (with the exception of fully spherically symmetric scenarios) thus undermining the key thermodynamic assumption of this program.
