黑暗能源调查中的核心爆发超新星：光度功能和宿主星系人口统计

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黑暗能源调查中的核心爆发超新星：光度功能和宿主星系人口统计

Core-collapse Supernovae in the Dark Energy Survey: Luminosity Functions and Host Galaxy Demographics

论文作者

Grayling, M., Gutiérrez, C. P., Sullivan, M., Wiseman, P., Vincenzi, M., Galbany, L., Möller, A., Brout, D., Davis, T. M., Frohmaier, C., Graur, O., Kelsey, L., Lidman, C., Popovic, B., Smith, M., Toy, M., Tucker, B. E., Zontou, Z., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Asorey, J., Bacon, D., Bertin, E., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carollo, D., Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Friedel, D., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gatti, M., Gruen, D., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lewis, G. F., Malik, U., March, M., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N.

论文摘要

我们介绍了暗能量调查（DES）核心 - 循环超新星（CCSN）样品的光度函数和宿主星系性能，该样品包括69型II型和50型IBC频谱和光学确认的超新星在红色转换范围内$ 0.045 <Z <Z <0.25 $。我们适合观察到的DES $ GRIZ $ CCSN轻曲线和K-Correct，以产生REST框架$ R $ band Light曲线。我们将样品与来自Zwicky瞬态设施（ZTF）和Lick天文台超新星搜索（丢失）的低降射CCSN样品进行比较。比较亮度函数，SNE II的DES和ZTF样本比损失的亮度明亮，其显着性分别为3.0 $σ$和2.5 $σ$。虽然这种差异可能是由亮度函数的红移演化引起的，但更简单的解释（例如不同的宿主灭绝水平）仍然是一种可能性。我们发现，尽管具有一致的出色质量分布，但DES中第II索的宿主星系平均比ZTF中的蓝色更蓝。我们考虑了一些解释这一点的可能性 - 包括带有红移的星系演化，DES或ZTF样品中的选择偏差以及由于可用的不同光度带引起的系统差异 - 但发现没有一个可以轻松地调和两个样本之间的主机颜色差异，因此其原因仍然不确定。

We present the luminosity functions and host galaxy properties of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) core-collapse supernova (CCSN) sample, consisting of 69 Type II and 50 Type Ibc spectroscopically and photometrically-confirmed supernovae over a redshift range $0.045<z<0.25$. We fit the observed DES $griz$ CCSN light-curves and K-correct to produce rest-frame $R$-band light curves. We compare the sample with lower-redshift CCSN samples from Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS). Comparing luminosity functions, the DES and ZTF samples of SNe II are brighter than that of LOSS with significances of 3.0$σ$ and 2.5$σ$ respectively. While this difference could be caused by redshift evolution in the luminosity function, simpler explanations such as differing levels of host extinction remain a possibility. We find that the host galaxies of SNe II in DES are on average bluer than in ZTF, despite having consistent stellar mass distributions. We consider a number of possibilities to explain this -- including galaxy evolution with redshift, selection biases in either the DES or ZTF samples, and systematic differences due to the different photometric bands available -- but find that none can easily reconcile the differences in host colour between the two samples and thus its cause remains uncertain.

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