论文标题
作为费米气泡的起源，强大的风和相关的反向冲击的证据
Evidence for powerful winds and the associated reverse shock as the origin of the Fermi bubbles
论文作者
论文摘要
费米气泡是大型伽马射线发射结构。它们对银河系中心（GC）是对称的，因此它们的创造归因于GC的强烈能量注入。在这项研究中，我们专注于与气泡相关的非平衡X射线气体结构。我们表明，X射线气体的密度，温度和冲击年龄概况的组合可用于区分能量注入机制。通过将数值模拟的结果与观测值进行比较，我们表明气泡是由GC的快风产生的，因为它会产生强烈的反向冲击并重现那里观察到的温度峰。另一方面，GC处的瞬时能量注入无法重现温度曲线。风的速度约为1000 km/s，吹出〜10^7 yr的速度。由于风的质量通量很大，因此需要从黑洞中流出的星际气体夹带。因此，风可能与在其他星系中经常观察到的活性银河核流出相同，并被认为调节星系的生长及其中央黑洞的生长。
The Fermi bubbles are large gamma-ray-emitting structures. They are symmetric about the Galactic Centre (GC), and their creation is therefore attributed to intensive energy injection at the GC. In this study, we focus on the non-equilibrium X-ray gas structures associated with the bubbles. We show that a combination of the density, temperature, and shock age profiles of the X-ray gas can be used to distinguish the energy injection mechanisms. By comparing the results of numerical simulations with observations, we indicate that the bubbles were created by a fast wind from the GC because it generates a strong reverse shock and reproduces the observed temperature peak there. On the other hand, instantaneous energy injection at the GC cannot reproduce the temperature profile. The wind had a speed of ~1000 km/s, and blew for ~10^7 yr. Because the mass flux of the wind is large, the entrainment of interstellar gas by wide-angle outflows from the black hole is required. Thus, the wind may be the same as active galactic nuclei outflows often observed in other galaxies and thought to regulate the growth of galaxies and their central black holes.
