论文标题

HWGN2:通过安全和私人功能评估,侧通道受保护的神经网络

HWGN2: Side-channel Protected Neural Networks through Secure and Private Function Evaluation

论文作者

Hashemi, Mohammad, Roy, Steffi, Forte, Domenic, Ganji, Fatemeh

论文摘要

最近的工作强调了知识产权(IP)深度学习(DL)模型的风险,该模型从DL硬件加速器的侧向通道泄漏中泄漏。作为回应,为了为DL硬件加速器提供侧向通道泄漏的弹性,已经提出了几种方法,主要是从设计用于加密实现的方法中借来的。因此,正如预期的那样,应处理此类对策的复杂设计所带来的同样挑战。尽管事实是,基本的加密方法,特别是安全和私人功能评估,可能会改善针对侧向通道泄漏的鲁棒性。为了检查这一点并权衡成本和收益,我们引入了硬件乱码NN(HWGN2),这是在FPGA上实施的DL硬件加速器。 HWGN2还为NN设计师提供了在实时应用程序中保护其IP的灵活性,在这些应用程序中,硬件资源通过硬件通信的成本权衡受到了严重限制。具体而言,我们应用了使用MIPS架构实施的乱码电路,该架构的逻辑少于62.5倍,而在最先进的方法下,以通信开销的价格少了66倍的内存利用率。此外,通过使用针对功率和电磁侧通道的测试矢量泄漏评估(TVLA)测试,可以证明HWGN2的侧向通道弹性。这是HWGN2的固有功能的补充:它确保了用户输入的隐私,包括NNS的体系结构。我们还展示了恶意安全模型作为我们实施的副产品的自然扩展。

Recent work has highlighted the risks of intellectual property (IP) piracy of deep learning (DL) models from the side-channel leakage of DL hardware accelerators. In response, to provide side-channel leakage resiliency to DL hardware accelerators, several approaches have been proposed, mainly borrowed from the methodologies devised for cryptographic implementations. Therefore, as expected, the same challenges posed by the complex design of such countermeasures should be dealt with. This is despite the fact that fundamental cryptographic approaches, specifically secure and private function evaluation, could potentially improve the robustness against side-channel leakage. To examine this and weigh the costs and benefits, we introduce hardware garbled NN (HWGN2), a DL hardware accelerator implemented on FPGA. HWGN2 also provides NN designers with the flexibility to protect their IP in real-time applications, where hardware resources are heavily constrained, through a hardware-communication cost trade-off. Concretely, we apply garbled circuits, implemented using a MIPS architecture that achieves up to 62.5x fewer logical and 66x less memory utilization than the state-of-the-art approaches at the price of communication overhead. Further, the side-channel resiliency of HWGN2 is demonstrated by employing the test vector leakage assessment (TVLA) test against both power and electromagnetic side-channels. This is in addition to the inherent feature of HWGN2: it ensures the privacy of users' input, including the architecture of NNs. We also demonstrate a natural extension to the malicious security modeljust as a by-product of our implementation.

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