论文标题
MEV的价格:迈向MEV的游戏理论方法
Price of MEV: Towards a Game Theoretical Approach to MEV
论文作者
论文摘要
最大的(也是矿工)可提取的值或MEV通常是指特权玩家可以通过战略性订购,审查,审查和将交易放入区块链中提取的值。我们称为域名的每个区块链网络都有自己的共识,订购和创建机制,这会产生不同的最佳策略来提取MEV。理性玩家(称为搜索者)的战略行为导致MEV游戏在每个领域都有不同的影响和外部性。已经考虑了几种确定交易中包含和位置的订购机制,这些机制已被认为是为了构建替代游戏来组织MEV提取,并最大程度地减少负面外部性。例子包括密封的投标拍卖,首次输入第一次输出和私人优先气体拍卖。但是,迄今为止,还没有对MEV游戏进行足够正式和抽象的定义。在本文中,我们迈向了MEV游戏的形式化,并比较不同的订购机制及其外部性。特别是,我们试图正式化由常识的MEV机会引起的游戏,例如套利和三明治攻击。在定义这些游戏时,我们利用了一个理论框架,该框架为搜索者,音序器,域和束等几个重要角色和概念提供了基础。我们还将MEV的价格介绍为MEV游戏无政府状态的价格,该措施提供了不同的订购机制之间的正式比较。
Maximal (also miner) extractable value, or MEV, usually refers to the value that privileged players can extract by strategically ordering, censoring, and placing transactions in a blockchain. Each blockchain network, which we refer to as a domain, has its own consensus, ordering, and block-creation mechanisms, which gives rise to different optimal strategies to extract MEV. The strategic behaviour of rational players, known as searchers, lead to MEV games that have different impacts and externalities in each domain. Several ordering mechanisms, which determine the inclusion and position of transactions in a block, have been considered to construct alternative games to organise MEV extraction, and minimize negative externalities; examples include sealed bid auctions, first input first output, and private priority gas auctions. However, to date, no sufficiently formal and abstract definition of MEV games have been made. In this paper, we take a step toward the formalization of MEV games and compare different ordering mechanisms and their externalities. In particular, we attempt to formalize games that arise from common knowledge MEV opportunities, such as arbitrage and sandwich attacks. In defining these games, we utilise a theoretical framework that provides groundwork for several important roles and concepts, such as the searcher, sequencer, domain, and bundle. We also introduce the price of MEV as the price of anarchy of MEV games, a measure that provides formal comparison between different ordering mechanisms.