论文标题

$^3 $ HE的A阶段的过冷

Supercooling of the A phase of $^3$He

论文作者

Tian, Yefan, Lotnyk, Dmytro, Eyal, Anna, Zhang, Kuang, Zhelev, Nikolay, Abhilash, T. S., Chavez, Aldo, Smith, Eric, Hindmarsh, Mark, Saunders, John, Mueller, Erich, Parpia, Jeevak

论文摘要

由于极端纯度,缺乏混乱和复杂的顺序参数,一阶超流体$^3 $ he a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a-a是领先的模型系统,用于早期宇宙中的一级过渡。在这里,我们报告了在接近磁场的29.3 bar低于29.3 bar的广泛压力上A相超冷的路径依赖性。 A相可以显着冷却在热力学A-B过渡温度以下。虽然超冷的程度高度可重复,但它在很大程度上取决于冷却轨迹:通过通过A相更稳定的区域,通过穿过A相的亚稳定性增强。我们提供的证据表明,某些额外的过冷是由于消除了通过超流体过渡而形成的B相种子。在他可以利用$^3 $的$^3 $之前,对物理学的了解至关重要。

Because of the extreme purity, lack of disorder, and complex order parameter, the first-order superfluid $^3$He A-B transition is the leading model system for first order transitions in the early universe. Here we report on the path dependence of the supercooling of the A phase over a wide range of pressures below 29.3 bar at nearly zero magnetic field. The A phase can be cooled significantly below the thermodynamic A-B transition temperature. While the extent of supercooling is highly reproducible, it depends strongly upon the cooling trajectory: The metastability of the A phase is enhanced by transiting through regions where the A phase is more stable. We provide evidence that some of the additional supercooling is due to the elimination of B phase seeds formed upon passage through the superfluid transition. A greater understanding of the physics is essential before the $^3$He can be exploited to model transitions in the early universe.

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