论文标题
Rydberg-Atom和电子微波接收器的噪声温度的比较
Comparison of Noise Temperature of Rydberg-Atom and Electronic Microwave Receivers
论文作者
论文摘要
雷德伯格原子中使用电磁诱导的透明度（EIT）的微波接收器最近显示出提高敏感性。与使用由低噪声放大器（LNA）和混音器组成的标准电子接收器相比，他们的最新电场敏感性与使用标准电子接收器相比，他们的最新电场敏感性尚不清楚。在本文中，我们表明，传统的室温电子接收器在标准自由空间耦合配置中表现最好的室温rydberg电图表现出的最佳敏感性。但是，如果谐振或限制微波结构旨在增强原子感知的电场，则Rydberg-atom接收器可以超过常规接收器的灵敏度。对于给定的微波谐振器，必须仔细选择外部（耦合）质量因子以最大程度地减少其热和量子噪声贡献。发现了这些最佳设计点的封闭形式表达式，并将噪声温度与文献从600 MHz到330 GHz中报道的常规LNA进行比较。
Microwave receivers using electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) in Rydberg atoms have recently demonstrated improved sensitivities. It is not evident how their state-of-the-art electric field sensitivities compare to those achieved using standard electronic receivers consisting of low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) and mixers. In this paper, we show that conventional room-temperature electronic receivers greatly outperform the best demonstrated sensitivities of room-temperature Rydberg electrometers in standard free-space coupled configurations. However, Rydberg-atom receivers can surpass the sensitivity of conventional receivers if resonant or confining microwave structures are designed to enhance the electric fields sensed by the atoms. For a given microwave resonator, the external (coupling) quality factor must be carefully chosen to minimize their thermal and quantum noise contributions. Closed-form expressions for these optimal design points are found, and compared in terms of noise temperature with conventional LNAs reported in the literature from 600 MHz to 330 GHz.
