论文标题
迁移模式,友谊网络和侨民:Facebook社会联系指数的潜力预测俄罗斯入侵乌克兰在欧盟中引起的流离失所模式
Migration patterns, friendship networks, and the diaspora: the potential of Facebook Social Connectedness Index to anticipate displacement patterns induced by Russia invasion of Ukraine in the European Union
论文作者
论文摘要
乌克兰的冲突正在引起欧洲和世界上的大规模流离失所。根据联合国难民高级专员(难民署)的估计,截至2022年9月5日,超过700万人逃离了该国。在这种情况下,预期这些人在哪里移动非常重要,以便民族对地方当局可以更好地管理与他们的接受和整合有关的挑战。这项工作显示了来自社交媒体的创新数据如何为冲突引起的迁移流提供有用的见解。特别是,我们探讨了Facebook社会联系指数(SCI)在乌克兰战争背景下预测迁移流的潜力,这是基于先前的研究发现,即存在侨民网络是主要移民驱动力之一。为此,我们首先评估了乌克兰侨民与乌克兰的难民数量之间的关系,以临时保护或类似的国家计划作为迁徙流入欧盟的代理。我们发现两者之间存在非常密切的相关性(Pearson的r = 0.94,p <0.0001),这表明侨民吸引了逃离战争的人们,他们倾向于到达同胞,尤其是在乌克兰移民的国家中,这是最近的现象。其次,我们将Facebook的SCI与欧洲地区侨民的可用官方数据进行了比较。我们的结果表明,该指数以及其他随时可用的协变量,是乌克兰侨民在地区规模上的有力预测指标。最后,我们讨论了Facebook的SCI的潜力,可以为那些可能丢失或过时的信息提供有关人类侨民的及时和空间详细信息,并在冲突期间对官方统计数据进行补充。
The conflict in Ukraine is causing large-scale displacement in Europe and in the World. Based on the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) estimates, more than 7 million people fled the country as of 5 September 2022. In this context, it is extremely important to anticipate where these people are moving so that national to local authorities can better manage challenges related to their reception and integration. This work shows how innovative data from social media can provide useful insights on conflict-induced migration flows. In particular, we explore the potential of Facebook's Social Connectedness Index (SCI) for predicting migration flows in the context of the war in Ukraine, building on previous research findings that the presence of a diaspora network is one of the major migration drivers. To do so, we first evaluate the relationship between the Ukrainian diaspora and the number of refugees from Ukraine registered for Temporary Protection or similar national schemes as a proxy of migratory flows into the EU. We find a very strong correlation between the two (Pearson's r=0.94, p<0.0001), which indicates that the diaspora is attracting the people fleeing the war, who tend to reach their compatriots, in particular in the countries where the Ukrainian immigration was more a recent phenomenon. Second, we compare Facebook's SCI with available official data on diaspora at regional level in Europe. Our results suggest that the index, along with other readily available covariates, is a strong predictor of the Ukrainian diaspora at regional scale. Finally, we discuss the potential of Facebook's SCI to provide timely and spatially detailed information on human diaspora for those countries where this information might be missing or outdated, and to complement official statistics for fast policy response during conflicts.