论文标题
与多个热源库接触的驱动系统波动定理的层次结构
Hierarchical structure of fluctuation theorems for a driven system in contact with multiple heat reservoirs
论文作者
论文摘要
对于驱动的开放系统与多个热储水库接触，我们发现工作或热量的边际分布不满足任何波动定理，但只有工作和热量的联合分布才能满足一个波动定理的家庭。这些波动定理的层次结构是通过在经典和量子制度中采用逐步的粗粒程序来从动力学的微可逆性中发现的。因此，我们将有关工作和热量的所有波动定理都放在一个统一的框架中。我们还提出了一种通过Feynman-KAC方程来计算多个热库中工作和热量的联合统计的一般方法。对于与多个热储层接触的经典布朗粒子，我们验证了波动定理的工作和热量分布的有效性。
For driven open systems in contact with multiple heat reservoirs, we find the marginal distributions of work or heat do not satisfy any fluctuation theorem, but only the joint distribution of work and heat satisfies a family of fluctuation theorems. A hierarchical structure of these fluctuation theorems is discovered from microreversibility of the dynamics by adopting a step-by-step coarse-graining procedure in both classical and quantum regimes. Thus, we put all fluctuation theorems concerning work and heat into a unified framework. We also propose a general method to calculate the joint statistics of work and heat in the situation of multiple heat reservoirs via the Feynman-Kac equation. For a classical Brownian particle in contact with multiple heat reservoirs, we verify the validity of the fluctuation theorems for the joint distribution of work and heat.
