论文标题
使用电路深度估算基态能量的量子算法，并呈指数级提高对精度的依赖性
Quantum algorithm for ground state energy estimation using circuit depth with exponentially improved dependence on precision
论文作者
论文摘要
量子计算领域的一个里程碑将比最先进的经典方法更快地解决量子化学和材料的问题。 The current understanding is that achieving quantum advantage in this area will require some degree of fault tolerance.尽管硬件正在改善这一里程碑，但优化量子算法也使其更接近当前。现有的基础状态能量估计方法的昂贵，因为它们需要每个电路的许多门，而精确度则以所需数量的位数成倍增长。我们通过开发一种基态能量估计算法的基态能量估计算法的成本指数降低，该算法在精度的位数中线性增长。相对于最近的资源估计，对乙烯碳酸盐和pf $ _6^ - $的工业相关分子的基态能量估计，估计的栅极计数和电路深度分别降低了43和78倍。此外，该算法可以使用其他电路深度来减少总运行时。这些功能使我们的算法成为在早期容忍量子计算时代实现量子优势的有前途的候选人。
A milestone in the field of quantum computing will be solving problems in quantum chemistry and materials faster than state-of-the-art classical methods. The current understanding is that achieving quantum advantage in this area will require some degree of fault tolerance. While hardware is improving towards this milestone, optimizing quantum algorithms also brings it closer to the present. Existing methods for ground state energy estimation are costly in that they require a number of gates per circuit that grows exponentially with the desired number of bits in precision. We reduce this cost exponentially, by developing a ground state energy estimation algorithm for which this cost grows linearly in the number of bits of precision. Relative to recent resource estimates of ground state energy estimation for the industrially-relevant molecules of ethylene-carbonate and PF$_6^-$, the estimated gate count and circuit depth is reduced by a factor of 43 and 78, respectively. Furthermore, the algorithm can use additional circuit depth to reduce the total runtime. These features make our algorithm a promising candidate for realizing quantum advantage in the era of early fault-tolerant quantum computing.
