论文标题
社区气味 - 社会债务的来源：系统文学评论
Community Smells -- The Sources of Social Debt: A Systematic Literature Review
论文作者
论文摘要
上下文：社会债务描述了从最佳软件开发过程中不可预见的项目成本（或潜在成本）的积累。社区的气味是社会技术反理解，也是影响软件团队，开发过程，成果和组织的社会债务来源。目的：提供基于已发表文献的社区气味的概述，并描述未来的研究。方法：我们进行了系统的文献综述（SLR），以识别特性，了解起源和进化，并描述社区气味的出现。该SLR解释了社区气味对团队合作和团队绩效的影响。结果：我们包括25项研究。社会债务描述了不良的社会技术决策对工作环境，人员，软件产品和社会的影响。对于30种确定的社区气味，我们提供了描述，管理方法，组织策略和缓解效果。我们确定了五组管理方法：组织策略，框架，模型，工具和准则。我们描述了11种社区气味的特性。我们开发了社区气味阶段框架，以简单地描述社区气味的起源和演变。我们描述了每个社区气味的原因和效果。我们识别并描述了8种类型的原因和11种为社区气味的效果。最后，我们提供了8个Sankey图表，这些图提供了对社区气味对团队合作因素和团队绩效构成威胁的见解。结论：社区气味解释了工作条件对软件开发人员的影响。文献稀缺，专注于少量的社区气味。因此，社区气味仍然需要更多的研究。这篇评论组织了关于社区气味的艺术状况，并为未来的研究提供了动力以及教育材料。
Context: Social debt describes the accumulation of unforeseen project costs (or potential costs) from sub-optimal software development processes. Community smells are sociotechnical anti-patterns and one source of social debt that impact software teams, development processes, outcomes, and organizations. Objective: To provide an overview of community smells based on published literature, and describe future research. Method: We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify properties, understand origins and evolution, and describe the emergence of community smells. This SLR explains the impact of community smells on teamwork and team performance. Results: We include 25 studies. Social debt describes the impacts of poor socio-technical decisions on work environments, people, software products, and society. For each of the 30 identified community smells, we provide a description, management approaches, organizational strategies, and mitigation effectiveness. We identify five groups of management approaches: organizational strategies, frameworks, models, tools, and guidelines. We describe 11 properties of community smells. We develop the Community Smell Stages Framework to concisely describe the origin and evolution of community smells. We describe the causes and effects for each community smell. We identify and describe 8 types of causes and 11 types of effects for community smells. Finally, we provide 8 Sankey diagrams that offer insights into threats the community smells pose to teamwork factors and team performance. Conclusion: Community smells explain the influence work conditions have on software developers. The literature is scarce and focuses on a small number of community smells. Thus, community smells still need more research. This review organizes the state of the art about community smells and provides motivation for future research along with educational material.
