论文标题
在大型星系的最早阶段缺乏环境的影响
Lack of influence of the environment in the earliest stages of massive galaxy formation
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究环境如何影响大型星系的组装历史。为此,我们利用碎片和HST光谱光度数据,它们的深度,光谱分辨率和波长覆盖范围允许对恒星发射进行详细分析,并获得前所未有的准确的光度测定红移。这加快了对本地环境的足够准确的估计,并加强了332个大型星系($ \ MATHRM {> 10^{10} {10} M _ {\ odot}} $的完整样本的恒星形成历史,该样本在RedShift $ 1 \ leq leq \ leq 1.5 $中。我们发现,在此红移范围内的大量星系避免了最低的密度环境。此外,我们观察到样品中最古老的星系,带有大规模加权的红移$ \ mathrm {\ overline {z} _ {m-w} \ geq 2.5} $,避免使用最高密度区域,偏爱中间环境。年轻的星系,包括具有活跃星形形成的星系,倾向于生活在较密集的环境中($σ= \ mathrm {5.0_ {1.1}^{24.8} \ times 10^{10} m _ {\ odot} mpc} mpc^{-2}}} $)。如果那些大规模的星系首先与邻居合并并更早地扫荡环境,则可以预期这种行为。另一方面,最近形成的星系($ \叠加{z} _ {m-w} <2.5 $)在以后会积聚成大规模结构,我们在扫除环境之前观察它们,或者,它们不太可能影响其环境。但是,鉴于最古老的星系的邻居星系的数量和质量表面密度相对较低,因此我们的结果表明,环境与最早的大型星系的第一个地层之间的相关性非常弱。
We investigate how the environment affects the assembly history of massive galaxies. For that purpose, we make use of SHARDS and HST spectro-photometric data, whose depth, spectral resolution, and wavelength coverage allow to perform a detailed analysis of the stellar emission as well as obtaining unprecedentedly accurate photometric redshifts. This expedites a sufficiently accurate estimate of the local environment and a robust derivation of the star formation histories of a complete sample of 332 massive galaxies ($\mathrm{>10^{10}M_{\odot}}$) at redshift $1\leq z \leq 1.5$ in the GOODS-N field. We find that massive galaxies in this redshift range avoid the lowest density environments. Moreover, we observed that the oldest galaxies in our sample with with mass-weighted formation redshift $\mathrm{\overline{z}_{M-w} \geq 2.5}$, avoid the highest density regions, preferring intermediate environments. Younger galaxies, including those with active star formation, tend to live in denser environments ($Σ= \mathrm{5.0_{1.1}^{24.8}\times 10^{10}M_{\odot}Mpc^{-2}}$). This behavior could be expected if those massive galaxies starting their formation first would merge with neighbors and sweep their environment earlier. On the other hand, galaxies formed more recently ($\overline{z}_{M-w} < 2.5$) are accreted into large scale structures at later times and we are observing them before sweeping their environment or, alternatively, they are less likely to affect their environment. However, given that both number and mass surface densities of neighbor galaxies is relatively low for the oldest galaxies, our results reveal a very weak correlation between environment and the first formation stages of the earliest massive galaxies.