论文标题
由分数非线性schrödinger方程支持的自发对称性破坏和幽灵状态,具有饱和的非线性和PT对称势
Spontaneous symmetry breaking and ghost states supported by the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with focusing saturable nonlinearity and PT-symmetric potential
论文作者
论文摘要
我们报告了一种新型的自发对称性破坏现象,而幽灵状态存在于分数非线性Schrödinger(FNLS)方程的框架中,具有可聚焦的饱和非线性和PT-对称潜力。连续的不对称孤子分支从基本对称性的分支分叉,因为功率超过了一定的临界值。有趣的是,基本孤子的对称性分为具有复杂的共轭繁殖常数的两个不对称孤子(别名幽灵状态)的分支,该分支仅在分数培养基中。此外,还对偶极子(反对称人对称)和三翼孤子进行了数值研究。此外,我们分析了分数lévy索引和可饱和的非线性参数对孤子对称性破裂的影响。基本孤子,不对称,偶极子和三翼孤子的稳定性通过线性稳定性分析和直接传播进行了探索。此外,我们探讨了对称和不对称孤子之间的弹性/半弹性碰撞现象。同时,我们发现通过参数的绝热激发与Kerr非线性,从分数衍射的稳定激发到整数衍射。这些结果将为研究具有PT对称电位的分数培养基中的自发对称性破坏现象和相关的物理实验提供一些理论基础。
We report a novel spontaneous symmetry breaking phenomenon and ghost states existed in the framework of the fractional nonlinear Schrödinger (FNLS) equation with focusing saturable nonlinearity and PT-symmetric potential. The continuous asymmetric soliton branch bifurcates from the fundamental symmetric one as the power exceeds some critical value. Intriguingly, the symmetry of fundamental solitons is broken into two branches of asymmetry solitons (alias ghost states) with complex conjugate propagation constants, which is solely in fractional media. Besides, the dipole (antisymmetry) and tripole solitons are also studied numerically. Moreover, we analyze the influences of fractional Lévy index and saturable nonlinear parameters on the symmetry breaking of solitons in detail. And the stability of fundamental soliton, asymmetric, dipole and tripole solitons are explored via the linear stability analysis and direct propagations. Moreover, we explore the elastic/semi-elastic collision phenomena between symmetric and asymmetric solitons. Meanwhile, we find the stable excitations from the fractional diffraction with saturation nonlinearity to integer-order diffraction with Kerr nonlinearity via the adiabatic excitations of parameters. These results will provide some theoretical basis for the study of spontaneous symmetry breaking phenomena and related physical experiments in the fractional media with PT-symmetric potentials.