论文标题
多次研究的可复制性
Replicability Across Multiple Studies
论文作者
论文摘要
荟萃分析通常在许多科学学科中进行。该分析很有吸引力，因为即使所有个人研究都没有能力，也可能存在发现。但是，在一项研究中，荟萃分析的发现可能完全由信号驱动，因此不可替代。尽管迄今为止进行的绝大多数荟萃分析并未推断出他们的发现的可复制性，但可以这样做。我们提供了可以选择分析的选择性概述，这些分析可以为建立科学发现的可复制性而进行。我们描述了在多个研究中检查单个结果的设置方法（在医学干预措施的系统评价中很常见），以及在每个研究中每个研究都检查了多个特征（如基因组学应用程序中）的环境。我们还讨论了当前的一些缺点和未来的方向。
Meta-analysis is routinely performed in many scientific disciplines. This analysis is attractive since discoveries are possible even when all the individual studies are underpowered. However, the meta-analytic discoveries may be entirely driven by signal in a single study, and thus non-replicable. Although the great majority of meta-analyses carried out to date do not infer on the replicability of their findings, it is possible to do so. We provide a selective overview of analyses that can be carried out towards establishing replicability of the scientific findings. We describe methods for the setting where a single outcome is examined in multiple studies (as is common in systematic reviews of medical interventions), as well as for the setting where multiple studies each examine multiple features (as in genomics applications). We also discuss some of the current shortcomings and future directions.
