论文标题
来自电子 - 尖端歼灭的光子的测量值的拼凑难题
Decoherence puzzle in measurements of photons originating from electron-positron annihilation
论文作者
论文摘要
源自电子 - 词素歼灭的光子的纠缠尚未通过实验证明。尽管到目前为止执行的独立实验一致确认了从电子峰值歼灭的背对背光子的线性极化之间的相关性与假设这些光子在极化中纠缠在一起的假设是一致的。然而，出乎意料的是，最近的实验在散射材料中散射在电子上的这些光子中的一个散射引起的反谐振后，背对背光子的极化方向的相关性有所不同。在其中一个实验中，光子态的破裂之前和之后的相关性是相同的，而在另一个实验中，一个光子的散射导致该相关性显着下降。在这里，我们讨论这个难题。通过在基于康普顿运动学的偏振相关性测量之前，通过先前的散射来迫使一种灭绝光子来确保变形状态。简要讨论了用于不同测量结果的实验设置与获得的结果之间的比较，突出了对执行此类测量很重要的参数。最后，将J-PET检测器的主要特征提出了进行类似测量的方案，以便将结果用作解决此难题的结论性备注。解决矫正难题将对纠缠的基本研究以及在正电子发射断层扫描中的极化应用的应用中产生至关重要的后果。如果在这些光子散射之前和之后，背靠背光子的极化相关性是相同的，那么它对于减少PET诊断的散射分数将没有用。
Entanglement of photons originating from the electron-positron annihilation has not been proven experimentally. Though the independent experiments performed so far unanimously confirm that correlation between the linear polarizations of back-to-back photons from the electron-positron annihilation is consistent with the assumption that these photons are entangled in polarization. Yet, unexpectedly, recent experiments differ as regards the correlation of polarization direction of back-to-back photons after the decoherence induced by scattering of one of these photons on the electron in the scattering material. In one of the experiments, the correlation before and after the decoherence of the photon state is the same and in the other experiment the scattering of one photon leads to a significant decrease in this correlation. Here we discuss this puzzle. The decoherent states were ensured by forcing one of the annihilation photons through prior scattering before the Compton kinematics based measurement of the polarization correlation. A comparison between the experimental setups used for the different measurements and the results obtained are briefly discussed, highlighting the parameters that are important for performing such measurements. Finally, the main features of the J-PET detector are presented with the schemes for performing similar measurements so that the results can be used as conclusive remarks for solving this puzzle. Solving the decoherence puzzle will have crucial consequences for basic studies of entanglement, as well as for the proposed application of polarisation of photons in positron emission tomography. In case if the correlation of polarisation of back-to-back photons from the electron-positron annihilation is the same before and after the scattering of these photons, then it will not be useful for the reduction of the scatter fraction in PET diagnostics.
