论文标题

INGVIO:一种一致的不变滤波器,用于快速和高临界的GNSS-视觉惯性探测仪

InGVIO: A Consistent Invariant Filter for Fast and High-Accuracy GNSS-Visual-Inertial Odometry

论文作者

Liu, Changwu, Jiang, Chen, Wang, Haowen

论文摘要

将全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)与视觉和惯性传感器相结合可以提供平滑的姿势估计而无需漂移。融合系统逐渐降低视觉惯性进程(VIO),卫星数量减少,这可以保证GNSS不友好的环境中强大的全球导航。在这封信中,我们提出了一个开源的基于不变的滤波器平台INGVIO,以紧密融合单眼/立体视觉惯性测量以及GNSS的原始数据。与当前的基于图的算法相比,INGVIO在计算负载方面给出了高度竞争性的结果,同时具有相同甚至更高的准确性水平。多亏了我们提出的边缘化策略,尽管只保留了几个克隆的姿势,但三角剖分的基线很大。此外,我们定义了系统的无限对称性,并利用其对称组的各种结构,与VIO情况的总对称性不同,这优雅地为退化运动的模式和不可观察的子空间的结构提供了结果。我们证明正确选择的不变误差仍然与INGVIO的所有可能的对称组结构兼容,并且具有内在的一致性属性。此外,INGVIO具有严格的线性误差传播而无需线性误差。 INGVIO在开放数据集和我们提出的固定翼数据集上进行了测试,这些数据集具有可变的难度和各种卫星数量的水平。据我们所知,后者的数据集是第一个使用RAW GNSS的固定翼飞机开源的数据集。

Combining Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) with visual and inertial sensors can give smooth pose estimation without drifting. The fusion system gradually degrades to Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) with the number of satellites decreasing, which guarantees robust global navigation in GNSS unfriendly environments. In this letter, we propose an open-sourced invariant filter-based platform, InGVIO, to tightly fuse monocular/stereo visual-inertial measurements, along with raw data from GNSS. InGVIO gives highly competitive results in terms of computational load compared to current graph-based algorithms, meanwhile possessing the same or even better level of accuracy. Thanks to our proposed marginalization strategies, the baseline for triangulation is large although only a few cloned poses are kept. Moreover, we define the infinitesimal symmetries of the system and exploit the various structures of its symmetry group, being different from the total symmetries of the VIO case, which elegantly gives results for the pattern of degenerate motions and the structure of unobservable subspaces. We prove that the properly-chosen invariant error is still compatible with all possible symmetry group structures of InGVIO and has intrinsic consistency properties. Besides, InGVIO has strictly linear error propagation without linearization error. InGVIO is tested on both open datasets and our proposed fixed-wing datasets with variable levels of difficulty and various numbers of satellites. The latter datasets, to the best of our knowledge, are the first datasets open-sourced to the community on a fixed-wing aircraft with raw GNSS.

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