论文标题
带有X射线显微镜的大量材料中声波的实时成像
Real-time imaging of acoustic waves in bulk materials with X-ray microscopy
论文作者
论文摘要
材料建模和处理需要实验，以可视化和量化外部激发如何驱动深度地下结构的演变以及确定特性的缺陷。如今，使用基于X射线衍射的成像，定期在几分钟到几个小时内定期获取具有〜100 nm晶体结构的3D电影。我们提出了一个X射线显微镜，该显微镜将这一时间分辨率提高到<100的飞秒，即使是通过单个X射线脉冲也可以实现的图像。使用此过程，我们解决了MM大小的钻石晶体中18公里/s声波的传播，并证明了机械能如何从Picsecond到微秒的时间表热量。我们的方法解锁了超快时间尺度上具有复杂结构动力学的材料现象的各种新实验。
Materials modelling and processing require experiments to visualize and quantify how external excitations drive the evolution of deep subsurface structure and defects that determine properties. Today, 3D movies with ~100-nm resolution of crystalline structure are regularly acquired in minutes to hours using X-ray diffraction based imaging. We present an X-ray microscope that improves this time resolution to <100 femtoseconds, with images attainable even from a single X-ray pulse. Using this, we resolve the propagation of 18-km/s acoustic waves in mm-sized diamond crystals, and demonstrate how mechanical energy thermalizes from picosecond to microsecond timescales. Our approach unlocks a vast range of new experiments of materials phenomena with intricate structural dynamics at ultrafast timescales.
