论文标题
衰老和癌症的最佳细胞间竞争
Optimal intercellular competition in senescence and cancer
论文作者
论文摘要
有效的多细胞性需要组成细胞之间的合作和竞争。合作涉及牺牲个人健身，以支持社区的健身，但是过度的合作使社区容易受到衰老和衰老的影响。竞争通过自然选择消除了不合适的衰老细胞，从而减慢了衰老，但是过度的竞争使社区容易受到混乱的影响，这是癌症和类似癌症的现象的例证。这些观察结果表明，多细胞生物中细胞间竞争的最佳水平通过延迟衰老的不可避免性来最大化有机体活力。我们使用统计机械框架来量化这一想法，该统计机械框架为细胞种群提供了通用的复制器动力学系统，该动力系统由于体细胞突变而改变其活力与合作，这使它们容易受到衰老和/或癌症的影响。通过在最小环境中考虑合作成本和竞争力量的成本，我们表明我们的模型预测了竞争的最佳价值，可以最大化活力，并延迟衰老或癌症的必然性。
Effective multicellularity requires both cooperation and competition between constituent cells. Cooperation involves sacrificing individual fitness in favor of that of the community, but excessive cooperation makes the community susceptible to senescence and aging. Competition eliminates unfit senescent cells via natural selection and thus slows down aging, but excessive competition makes the community susceptible to cheaters, as exemplified by cancer and cancer-like phenomena. These observations suggest that an optimal level of intercellular competition in a multicellular organism maximizes organismal vitality by delaying the inevitability of aging. We quantify this idea using a statistical mechanical framework that leads to a generalized replicator dynamical system for the population of cells that change their vitality and cooperation due to somatic mutations that make them susceptible to aging and/or cancer. By accounting for the cost of cooperation and strength of competition in a minimal setting, we show that our model predicts an optimal value of competition that maximizes vitality and delays the inevitability of senescence or cancer.
