论文标题
自旋矢量电势和自旋aharonov-bohm效应
Spin Vector Potential and Spin Aharonov-Bohm Effect
论文作者
论文摘要
Aharonov-Bohm（AB）效应是量子理论的重要发现。它是一种令人惊讶的量子现象，尽管磁场和电场均为零的区域，但电磁粒子可能会受到电磁电位的影响。与经典物理学相比，这一事实使电磁电位在量子物理学中具有更大的意义。原始的AB效应属于``电磁类型''。某些矢量电位对于建立某种类型的AB效应至关重要。在这项工作中，我们专注于``自旋''，这是当今已广泛接受的微观粒子的内在特性。首先，我们通过考虑带有自旋算子的粒子来提出自旋矢量电位的假设。其次，为了验证这种自旋矢量电位的存在，我们提出了一个Gedanken双缝干扰实验（即自旋AB效应），可以在实验室中观察到。第三，我们应用自旋矢量电位自然解释了为什么dzyaloshinsky-moriya型相互作用和旋转之间的偶极 - 偶极相互作用，并且还可以预测一种新型的自旋轨道相互作用。
The Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect is an important discovery of quantum theory. It serves as a surprising quantum phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle can be affected by an electromagnetic potential, despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field and electric field are zero. This fact gives the electromagnetic potentials greater significance in quantum physics than in classical physics. The original AB effect belongs to an ``electromagnetic type". A certain vector potential is crucial for building a certain type of AB effect. In this work, we focus on the ``spin", which is an intrinsic property of microscopic particles that has been widely accepted nowadays. First, we propose the hypothesis of spin vector potential by considering a particle with a spin operator. Second, to verify the existence of such a spin vector potential, we present a gedanken double-slit interference experiment (i.e., the spin AB effect), which is possible to be observed in the lab. Third, we apply the spin vector potential to naturally explain why there were the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya-type interaction and the dipole-dipole interaction between spins, and also predict a new type of spin-orbital interaction.
