论文标题
太阳风暴和海底互联网电缆
Solar storms and submarine internet cables
论文作者
论文摘要
冠状质量弹出（CME）可以触发地磁风暴并诱导地球电流，从而降低陆地功率电网操作的性能；特别是，CME因在电网中引起大规模停电而闻名。海底互联网电缆通过跨越数千公里的铜导体提供动力，并且容易受到CMES损坏的攻击，从而增加了大规模和长期寿命的互联网中断的可能性。为了更好地了解这些风险的大小，我们监视高太阳能活动时间期间四根不同跨科电缆电缆电源的电压变化。我们发现系统的着陆点上高频地磁场的强度与线路电压变化之间存在很强的相关性。我们还发现，这两个数量表现出近乎线性的幂律缩放行为，这使我们能够估算一个世纪以来的CME事件的影响。我们的发现表明，长途潜艇电缆，无论其长度和方向如何，在太阳能超级风暴中都不会损坏，即使是1859年的卡林顿活动也不会受到损害。
Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can trigger geomagnetic storms and induce geoelectric currents that degrade the performance of terrestrial power grid operations; in particular, CMEs are known for causing large-scale outages in electrical grids. Submarine internet cables are powered through copper conductors spanning thousands of kilometers and are vulnerable to damage from CMEs, raising the possibility of a large-scale and long-lived internet outage. To better understand the magnitude of these risks, we monitor voltage changes in the cable power supply of four different transoceanic cables during time periods of high solar activity. We find a strong correlation between the strength of the high-frequency geomagnetic field at the landing sites of the systems and the line voltage change. We also uncover that these two quantities exhibit a near-linear power law scaling behavior that allows us to estimate the effects of once-in-a-century CME events. Our findings reveal that long-haul submarine cables, regardless of their length and orientation, will not be damaged during a solar superstorm, even one as large as the 1859 Carrington event.
