论文标题
X射线从流出云交互及其在潮汐破坏事件中的应用
X-ray from Outflow-Cloud Interaction and Its Application in Tidal Disruption Events
论文作者
论文摘要
潮汐破坏事件（TDE）可能发生在被云所包围的超质量黑洞（SMBH）中。 TDE可以生成超快和大型开头流出流，其速度为$ \ sim $ 0.01--0.2 C，根据流速速度和云距离，它将与云随时间滞后碰撞。由于转移到云辐射中的流出能量的比例与云密度相关，因此高密度云被认为在产生辐射方面效率低下。在这项工作中，我们研究了高密度云的流出云相互作用的辐射，发现热传导在增加云的辐射方面起着至关重要的作用。由于冷却灾难，最多可以将高达10 \％的弓休克能转移到云中，并以等效温度为$ 10^{5-6} $ kelvins引起X射线发射。弓震中相对论电子对TDE UV/光学光子的逆综合散射产生了带有光子指数$γ\ SIM 2-3 $的X射线光谱。该机制可能会解释一些X射线排放延迟的TDE候选者，并且可以通过延迟的无线电和伽马射线排放来检查。
Tidal disruption events (TDEs) may occur in supermassive black holes (SMBHs) surrounded by clouds. TDEs can generate ultrafast and large opening-angle outflow with a velocity of $\sim$ 0.01--0.2 c, which will collide with clouds with time lags depending on outflow velocity and cloud distances. Since the fraction of the outflow energy transferred into cloud's radiation is anti-correlated with the cloud density, high density clouds was thought to be inefficient in generating radiation. In this work, we studied the radiation from the outflow-cloud interactions for high density clouds, and found that thermal conduction plays crucial roles in increasing the cloud's radiation. Up to 10\% of the bow shock energy can be transferred into clouds and gives rise to X-ray emission with equivalent temperature of $10^{5-6}$ Kelvins due to the cooling catastrophe. The inverse Compton scattering of TDE UV/optical photons by relativistic electrons at bow shock generates power-law X-ray spectra with photon indices $Γ\sim 2-3$. This mechanism may account for some TDE candidates with delayed X-ray emission, and can be examined by delayed radio and gamma-ray emissions.
