论文标题
BudgeTLongFormer:我们可以便宜地从头开始预算SOTA法律语言模型吗?
BudgetLongformer: Can we Cheaply Pretrain a SotA Legal Language Model From Scratch?
论文作者
论文摘要
验证的变压器模型最近在许多任务和基准测试中实现了最先进的结果。但是,许多最先进的语言模型(LMS)的扩展不高于512输入令牌的阈值。尽管在专业领域(例如法律,科学或生物医学)中,模型通常需要处理很长的文本(有时远高于10000个令牌)。即使已经提出了许多有效的变压器(例如longformer,bigbird或fnet),但到目前为止,只有很少的这样的高效模型可用于专用域。此外,由于预训练的过程通常是非常昂贵的 - 但随着序列长度的增加而言,它通常仅在大型研究实验室的范围内。通过在训练过程中提供更多信号,因为可以在所有令牌上计算损失,这是使替换的代币检测(RTD)任务的一种方法。在这项工作中,我们使用法律数据上有效的RTD任务来培训Longformer模型,以展示使用较少的计算可以预处理有效的LMS。我们评估了训练有素的模型,以挑战汇总任务,要求该模型汇总长文本,以显示模型在多大程度上可以在下游任务上实现良好的性能。我们发现,在各自的参数范围内,小型模型和基本模型都优于其基准和室外PubMed任务。我们出于研究目的发布我们的代码和模型。
Pretrained transformer models have achieved state-of-the-art results in many tasks and benchmarks recently. Many state-of-the-art Language Models (LMs), however, do not scale well above the threshold of 512 input tokens. In specialized domains though (such as legal, scientific or biomedical), models often need to process very long text (sometimes well above 10000 tokens). Even though many efficient transformers have been proposed (such as Longformer, BigBird or FNet), so far, only very few such efficient models are available for specialized domains. Additionally, since the pretraining process is extremely costly in general - but even more so as the sequence length increases - it is often only in reach of large research labs. One way of making pretraining cheaper is the Replaced Token Detection (RTD) task, by providing more signal during training, since the loss can be computed over all tokens. In this work, we train Longformer models with the efficient RTD task on legal data to showcase that pretraining efficient LMs is possible using much less compute. We evaluate the trained models on challenging summarization tasks requiring the model to summarize long texts to show to what extent the models can achieve good performance on downstream tasks. We find that both the small and base models outperform their baselines on the in-domain BillSum and out-of-domain PubMed tasks in their respective parameter range. We publish our code and models for research purposes.