论文标题
$ n $ qubit的基于保真度的距离范围近似量子误差校正
Fidelity-based distance bounds for $N$-qubit approximate quantum error correction
论文作者
论文摘要
Eastin-Knill定理是量子误差理论的中心结果,并指出量子代码不能准确纠正错误,具有连续的对称性并横向实施一套通用的大门。为了避免这种结果,有几种方法在确切的误差校正或连续对称性上放弃。在这种情况下,通常是采用互补度量的保真度来量化量子状态可区分性和误差校正中的基准近似值。尽管具有有用的属性,但评估保真度措施是具有大量纠缠量子的量子状态的一项艰巨任务。考虑到这一点,我们基于子和超级方面的两次距离度量,是一种结合误差近似值的方法,这又需要较低的计算成本。我们对缺乏精确的误差校正进行建模,以等效于单个dephasing通道的作用,在分析和数值上评估基于忠诚度的距离,并获得一般$ n $ qubit的量子状态的封闭形式表达式。我们用两个范式的示例说明了我们的边界,一个$ n $ qubit的混合GHz州和$ n $ qubit的混合$ W $ state。
The Eastin-Knill theorem is a central result of quantum error correction theory and states that a quantum code cannot correct errors exactly, possess continuous symmetries, and implement a universal set of gates transversely. As a way to circumvent this result, there are several approaches in which one gives up on either exact error correction or continuous symmetries. In this context, it is common to employ a complementary measure of fidelity as a way to quantify quantum state distinguishability and benchmark approximations in error correction. Despite having useful properties, evaluating fidelity measures stands as a challenging task for quantum states with a large number of entangled qubits. With that in mind, we address two distance measures based on the sub- and superfidelities as a way to bound error approximations, which in turn require a lower computational cost. We model the lack of exact error correction to be equivalent to the action of a single dephasing channel, evaluate the proposed fidelity-based distances both analytically and numerically, and obtain a closed-form expression for a general $N$-qubit quantum state. We illustrate our bounds with two paradigmatic examples, an $N$-qubit mixed GHZ state and an $N$-qubit mixed $W$ state.