论文标题
在阿尔茨海默氏病的诊断中实用深度学习的实际应用
Towards Practical Application of Deep Learning in Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
论文作者
论文摘要
准确诊断阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)既具有挑战性又耗时。通过系统的及早检测和诊断AD的方法,可以采取步骤来治疗和预防该疾病。这项研究探讨了深度学习模型在AD诊断中的实际应用。由于计算复杂性,较大的培训时间和标记数据集的可用性有限,通常不使用3D全脑CNN(卷积神经网络),研究人员通常更喜欢2D CNN变体。在这项研究中,设计,训练和测试了众所周知的2D CNN的全脑3D版本,以诊断AD的各个阶段。深度学习方法在区分AD的各个阶段的良好性能中,可用于1500多个全脑量。除分类外,深度学习模型还能够提取具有区分各个类别的关键的特征。提取的特征与有意义的解剖学地标保持一致,目前认为这些地标在专家识别AD中很重要。还测试了所有算法的集合,并且集成算法的性能优于任何单独的算法,从而进一步提高了诊断能力。训练有素的CNN及其合奏的3D版本有可能将其纳入软件包中,这些软件包可以被医生/放射科医生使用,以帮助他们更好地诊断AD。
Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is both challenging and time consuming. With a systematic approach for early detection and diagnosis of AD, steps can be taken towards the treatment and prevention of the disease. This study explores the practical application of deep learning models for diagnosis of AD. Due to computational complexity, large training times and limited availability of labelled dataset, a 3D full brain CNN (convolutional neural network) is not commonly used, and researchers often prefer 2D CNN variants. In this study, full brain 3D version of well-known 2D CNNs were designed, trained and tested for diagnosis of various stages of AD. Deep learning approach shows good performance in differentiating various stages of AD for more than 1500 full brain volumes. Along with classification, the deep learning model is capable of extracting features which are key in differentiating the various categories. The extracted features align with meaningful anatomical landmarks, that are currently considered important in identification of AD by experts. An ensemble of all the algorithm was also tested and the performance of the ensemble algorithm was superior to any individual algorithm, further improving diagnosis ability. The 3D versions of the trained CNNs and their ensemble have the potential to be incorporated in software packages that can be used by physicians/radiologists to assist them in better diagnosis of AD.