论文标题
测量Femto-gram源质量的重力
Measuring gravitational force from Femto-gram source masses
论文作者
论文摘要
重力是所有已知力量中最弱的。测量微观和纳米级源质量的重力力是迈向低能量量子重力测试的必不可少的第一步。此外，测量质量中心间距离的重力在次级尺度上扩展了实验可实现的参数空间，以测试Yukawa-like校正的测试对牛顿重力进行测试，并测试拟议的更高维度，以解决基本力的层次问题。在这里，我们提出了一个在超高真空条件下使用两个光学捕获的颗粒的实验，其中质量间距离的中心在$ 10^2 nm $的订单上。在拟议的实验中，源质量是旋转的Janus纳米粒子，因此测试质量（传感器）具有周期性的重力潜力。使用现实的实验参数，可为具有半径$ \ geq 10^2 nm $和质量$ \ geq \ geq \ text {10} fg $的janus粒子获得一个信噪比$ \ geq 1 $。拟议的实验将Yukawa校正的搜索扩展到重力，以$ \ \ \ 10^{ - 5} $乘以重力状态为$ 10^{2} nm $相互作用范围，为量子重力打开了低能测试的门，并启用对层次结构问题的直接实验测试。
Gravity is the weakest of all known forces. Measuring the force of gravity from micro and nano-scale source masses is an essential first step toward low-energy quantum gravity tests. In addition, measuring gravitational forces where the center-of-mass inter-distance is at the sub-mm scale extends the experimentally achievable parameter space for tests of Yukawa-like corrections to Newtonian gravity and tests for higher dimensions proposed to resolve the hierarchy problem of fundamental forces. Here, we propose an experiment using two optically trapped particles in ultrahigh vacuum conditions where the center of mass inter-distance is on the order of $10^2 nm$. In the proposed experiment, the source mass is a rotating Janus nano-particle such that the test mass (sensor) experiences a periodic gravitational potential. Using realistic experimental parameters, a signal-to-noise ratio $\geq 1$ is obtained for a Janus particle with radius $\geq 10^2 nm$ and a mass $\geq \text{10 } fg$. The proposed experiment extends the search of Yukawa corrections to gravity at $\approx 10^{-5}$ times gravity regime at $10^{2}nm $ interaction range, opens the door to low energy tests for quantum gravity, and enables direct experimental tests of extra-dimensional solutions to the hierarchy problem.
