论文标题

RS Ophiuchi的高分辨率X射线光谱(2006年和2021年):揭示SSS变异性的原因

High Resolution X-ray Spectra of RS Ophiuchi (2006 and 2021): Revealing the cause of SSS variability

论文作者

Ness, J. -U., Beardmore, A. P., Bode, M. F., Darnley, M. J., Dobrotka, A., Drake, J. J., Magdolen, J., Munari, U., Osborne, J. P., Orio, M., Page, K. L., Starrfield, S.

论文摘要

斯威夫特(Swift)在2021年的RS OPH中观察到的SSS阶段比2006年的SSS阶段要多得多,并且我们比较了2021年第55.6天(2021D55.6)与SSS Chandra和XMM-Newton Granting Pastra的XMM-Newton光谱频谱。我们提出了一种新的方法,可以通过参数优化观察到的(亮)2006 SSS光谱,以匹配2021D55.6光谱:(1)恒定因子,(2)多届光电电气吸收模型,(3)具有不同有效温度的黑体模型的比例。该方法避免定义源模型,并且比同时建模源和吸收对源更改更敏感。 2021D55.6光谱可以通过将2006年较亮的2006光谱与吸收模型相乘,可以很好地复制。仅对于2006D66.9频谱,需要额外的温度变化。我们进一步发现2021D55.6光谱比同一时期2006D54频谱更像2006D39.7频谱,其吸收系统具有更深的OI吸收边缘,并且比在2006D54(7000km/s)的蓝移(1200 km/s)。在2006D39.7、2006D54和2021D55.6时,亮度和硬度变化相关,表明OI柱密度的变化。与2006D54相比,在2021D55.6第2021d55.6天检测到了35S期间。与2006年相比,我们得出的结论是观察到2021年较低的软X射线发射的主要原因。我们解释了线蓝移,OI边缘的深度以及2006D39.7至2006D54的吸收线的数量,通过减速和伴侣风中的expea的加热。在2021年,这种减速和加热较少,表明通过不均匀的恒星风以不同的角度观察。

Swift observed the SSS phase in RS Oph much fainter in 2021 than in 2006, and we compare an XMM-Newton grating spectrum on day 55.6 in 2021 (2021d55.6) to SSS Chandra and XMM-Newton grating spectra from days 2006d39.7, 2006d54, and 2006d66.9. We present a novel approach to down-scale the observed (brighter) 2006 SSS spectra to match the 2021d55.6 spectrum by parameter optimisation of: (1) A constant factor, (2) a multi-ionisation photoelectric absorption model, and (3) scaling with a ratio of two blackbody models with different effective temperatures. This approach avoids defining a source model and is more sensitive to incremental changes than modeling source plus absorption simultaneously. The 2021d55.6 spectrum can be reproduced remarkably well by multiplying the brighter 2006 spectra with an absorption model. Only for the 2006d66.9 spectrum, an additional temperature change is needed. We further find the 2021d55.6 spectrum to resemble much more the 2006d39.7 spectrum in shape and structure than the same-epoch 2006d54 spectrum with more absorption lines with a deeper OI absorption edge, and higher blue shifts (1200km/s) than on day 2006d54 (700km/s). On days 2006d39.7, 2006d54 and 2021d55.6, brightness and hardness variations are correlated indicating variations of the OI column density. The 35s period was detected on day 2021d55.6 with lower significance compared to 2006d54. We conclude absorption to be the principal reason for observing lower soft X-ray emission in 2021 compared to 2006. We explain the reduction in line blue shift, depth in OI edge, and number of absorption lines from day 2006d39.7 to 2006d54 by deceleration and heating of the ejecta within the stellar wind of the companion. Less such deceleration and heating in 2021 indicates viewing at different angles through an inhomogeneous stellar wind.

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