论文标题
伽马射线爆发的X射线耀斑的比例不变性
Scale invariance in X-ray flares of gamma-ray bursts
论文作者
论文摘要
通常认为X射线耀斑是通过中央发动机重新激活而产生的，并且可能具有与伽马射线爆发（GRB）迅速发射相同的能量耗散机制。因此，X射线耀斑可以为理解GRB中心引擎的性质提供重要的线索。在这项工作中，我们首次研究具有已知红移的GRB X射线耀斑的差异分布之间的物理连接。我们发现，持续时间，能量和等待时间的差分分布可以通过幂律函数很好地适合。特别是，在不同时间（即返回分布）的持续时间，能量和等待时间差异的分布很好地遵循$ q $ -Gaussian表单。对于不同的时间间隔尺度，$ Q $ -Gaussian分布中的$ Q $值几乎保持稳定，这意味着GRB X射线耀斑的规模不变结构。此外，我们验证了$ q $参数与差分尺寸分布的幂律索引$α$有关，该$α$的特征为$ q =（α+2）/α$。这些统计特征可以在自组织临界系统的物理框架内得到很好的解释。
X-ray flares are generally believed to be produced by the reactivation of the central engine, and may have the same energy dissipation mechanism as the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). X-ray flares can therefore provide important clues to understanding the nature of the central engines of GRBs. In this work, we study for the first time the physical connection between differential size and return distributions of X-ray flares of GRBs with known redshifts. We find that the differential distributions of duration, energy, and waiting time can be well fitted by a power-law function. In particular, the distributions for the differences of durations, energies, and waiting times at different times (i.e., the return distributions) well follow a $q$-Gaussian form. The $q$ values in the $q$-Gaussian distributions remain nearly steady for different temporal interval scales, implying a scale-invariant structure of GRB X-ray flares. Moreover, we verify that the $q$ parameters are related to the power-law indices $α$ of the differential size distributions, characterized as $q=(α+2)/α$. These statistical features can be well explained within the physical framework of a self-organizing criticality system.
